महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-6, verse-19

ब्रुवतामप्रियं पथ्यं सुहृदां न शृणोति यः ।
स शोचत्यापदं प्राप्य यथाहमतिवर्त्य तौ ॥१९॥

19. bruvatāmapriyaṁ pathyaṁ suhṛdāṁ na śṛṇoti yaḥ ,
sa śocatyāpadaṁ prāpya yathāhamativartya tau.

19. bruvatām apriyam pathyam suhṛdām na śṛṇoti yaḥ
saḥ śocati āpadam prāpya yathā aham ativartya tau

19. yaḥ suhṛdām bruvatām apriyam pathyam na śṛṇoti
saḥ āpadam prāpya śocati yathā aham tau ativartya

19. The one who does not heed the wholesome, even if unpleasant, counsel of friends, grieves after facing calamity, just as I am now, having disregarded the advice of those two.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of those who speak

• अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable, unwelcome

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial advice/counsel (wholesome, beneficial, proper, healthy)

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends

• न (na) - not, no

• शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears, listens, obeys

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

• आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having incurred

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अतिवर्त्य (ativartya) - having disregarded, having transgressed, having overcome

• तौ (tau) - the two (advisors or counsels) mentioned or implied (those two)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of those who speak

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, telling

Present Participle (Active Voice)

Derived from the root √brū (to speak), using Śatṛ suffix.

Root: √brū (class 2)

अप्रियम् (apriyam) - unpleasant, disagreeable, unwelcome

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, not dear

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+priya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial advice/counsel (wholesome, beneficial, proper, healthy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - suitable for the path, wholesome, beneficial, healthy

Derived from 'path' (path) + '-ya' suffix.

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शृणोति (śṛṇoti) - hears, listens, obeys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √śru

Present Active

3rd person singular, active voice of the root √śru (to hear).

Root: √śru (class 5)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √śuc

Present Active

3rd person singular, active voice of the root √śuc (to grieve).

Root: √śuc (class 1)

आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, misfortune, distress

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached, having incurred

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √āp (to obtain) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: √āp (class 5)

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

अतिवर्त्य (ativartya) - having disregarded, having transgressed, having overcome

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √vṛt (to turn, to exist) with upasargas ati-.

Prefix: ati

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

तौ (tau) - the two (advisors or counsels) mentioned or implied (those two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it