महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-53, verse-36

तज्जुषस्वोत्तममते कथ्यमानं मया द्विज ।
शंसितुं तन्मनोहर्षो ममापीह प्रवर्तते ॥३६॥

36. tajjuṣasvottamamate kathyamānaṁ mayā dvija ,
śaṁsituṁ tanmanoharṣo mamāpīha pravartate.

36. tat juṣasva uttamamate kathyāmanam mayā dvija
śaṃsituṃ tat manoharṣaḥ mama api iha pravartate

36. O best-minded brahmin, please listen to what I am narrating. Indeed, a great joy arises in my mind here to tell this story.

36. הו בְּרַהְמִין בעל תבונה נעלה, הקשב בנעימות למה שאני מספר, כי גם בי מתעוררת כאן שמחת רוחי לספר זאת.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the story) (that, therefore)

• जुषस्व (juṣasva) - please listen (to it) (enjoy, listen to, attend to, serve)

• उत्तममते (uttamamate) - O best-minded one (vocative for the brahmin) (O best-minded one)

• कथ्यामनम् (kathyāmanam) - that which is being narrated (by me) (being told, being narrated)

• मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker) (by me)

• द्विज (dvija) - O brahmin (vocative for the listener) (O brahmin, O twice-born)

• शंसितुं (śaṁsituṁ) - to narrate (the story) (to narrate, to praise, to tell)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the narration/story) (that)

• मनोहर्षः (manoharṣaḥ) - joy in my mind (joy of mind, mental delight)

• मम (mama) - my (joy of mind) (my, of me)

• अपि (api) - also, indeed (also, even, too)

• इह (iha) - here (in this context, regarding this narration) (here, in this matter, now)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - arises, begins (proceeds, arises, takes place, begins)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the story) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Can also be interpreted as an indeclinable 'therefore'. In context, it refers to the story.

जुषस्व (juṣasva) - please listen (to it) (enjoy, listen to, attend to, serve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of juṣ

Root: juṣ (class 1)

उत्तममते (uttamamate) - O best-minded one (vocative for the brahmin) (O best-minded one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of uttamamati

uttamamati - best-minded, having excellent intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (uttama+mati)

• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective
  superlative of ud (ut)
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man

कथ्यामनम् (kathyāmanam) - that which is being narrated (by me) (being told, being narrated)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kathyāmāna

kathyāmāna - being told, being spoken, being narrated

present passive participle

root kath (to speak/tell) + ya (passive) + māna (present participle suffix)

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tat'.

मया (mayā) - by me (the speaker) (by me)

(pronoun)

singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction 'kathyāmanam mayā'.

द्विज (dvija) - O brahmin (vocative for the listener) (O brahmin, O twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, or vaishya; specifically a brahmin in most contexts), a bird, a tooth

dvi (twice) + jan (to be born) + ḍa (suffix)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+jan)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• jan – to be born, to produce
  verb_base
  Root: jan (class 4)

शंसितुं (śaṁsituṁ) - to narrate (the story) (to narrate, to praise, to tell)

(verb)

infinitive of śaṃs

infinitive

root śaṃs + tumun (infinitive suffix)

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose 'in order to narrate'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the narration/story) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Governed by śaṃsituṃ.

मनोहर्षः (manoharṣaḥ) - joy in my mind (joy of mind, mental delight)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manoharṣa

manoharṣa - joy of mind, mental delight

manas (mind) + harṣa (joy)

Compound type : tatpurusha (manas+harṣa)

• manas – mind, intellect, spirit
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)
• harṣa – joy, delight, pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pravartate'.

मम (mama) - my (joy of mind) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Possessive, qualifying 'manoharṣaḥ'.

अपि (api) - also, indeed (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'mama'.

इह (iha) - here (in this context, regarding this narration) (here, in this matter, now)

(indeclinable)

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - arises, begins (proceeds, arises, takes place, begins)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

pra (forward, forth) + vṛt (to turn)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

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