महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-220, verse-12

तदपाक्रियते सर्वं यज्ञेन तपसा सुतैः ।
तपस्वी यज्ञकृच्चासि न तु ते विद्यते प्रजा ॥१२॥

12. tadapākriyate sarvaṁ yajñena tapasā sutaiḥ ,
tapasvī yajñakṛccāsi na tu te vidyate prajā.

12. tat apākriyate sarvaṃ yajñena tapasā sutaiḥ
tapasvī yajñakṛt ca asi na tu te vidyate prajā

12. tat sarvaṃ yajñena tapasā sutaiḥ apākriyate tvaṃ
tapasvī yajñakṛt ca asi tu te prajā na vidyate

12. All that [debt/sin] is removed by Vedic ritual (yajña), by austerity (tapas), and by sons. You are indeed an ascetic (tapasvī) and a performer of Vedic rituals (yajñakṛt), but you have no offspring (prajā).

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• अपाक्रियते (apākriyate) - is removed, is discharged, is cancelled, is cleared

• सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all, entirely, completely

• यज्ञेन (yajñena) - by Vedic ritual

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, by penance

• सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by sons, by offspring

• तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic, austere person

• यज्ञकृत् (yajñakṛt) - performer of Vedic rituals

• च (ca) - and

• असि (asi) - you are

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• ते (te) - to you, for you, your

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is present

• प्रजा (prajā) - offspring, progeny, children, subjects

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the passive verb `apākriyate`.

अपाक्रियते (apākriyate) - is removed, is discharged, is cancelled, is cleared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (Lat) of apākṛ

Present passive

Root `kṛ` (to do, make) with prefix `apā` (away, off).

Prefix: apā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सर्वं (sarvaṁ) - all, entirely, completely

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with `tat`.

यज्ञेन (yajñena) - by Vedic ritual

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, worship

From root `yaj` (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Instrument of removal.

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Instrument of removal.

सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by sons, by offspring

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child, offspring

Past Passive Participle (from `sū` 'to give birth to') used as a noun.

From root `sū` (to bring forth, give birth to).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Instrument of removal.

तपस्वी (tapasvī) - ascetic, austere person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, one who practices austerity (tapas)

Derived from `tapas` (austerity) with the possessive suffix `-vin`.

Note: Predicate nominative for `asi`.

यज्ञकृत् (yajñakṛt) - performer of Vedic rituals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajñakṛt

yajñakṛt - performer of Vedic rituals (yajña), sacrificer

Agent noun from `yajña` (Vedic ritual) + root `kṛ` (to do/make).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yajña+kṛ)

• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
• kṛ – doer, maker
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix. From root `kṛ` 'to do'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for `asi`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects `tapasvī` and `yajñakṛt`.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Lat) of as

Present active

2nd person singular present active of root `as`.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Implicit subject `tvam` (you).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a contrast.

ते (te) - to you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Dative/Genitive singular of `tvad` (you, 2nd person pronoun).

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Lat) of vid

Present passive/middle (from class 4 `vid`)

3rd person singular present middle of root `vid` (to be, exist).

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Its subject is `prajā`.

प्रजा (prajā) - offspring, progeny, children, subjects

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, children, subjects, creation

From prefix `pra` + root `jan` (to be born).

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of `vidyate`.