महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-220, verse-16

स चिन्तयन्नभ्यगच्छद्बहुलप्रसवान्खगान् ।
शार्ङ्गिकां शार्ङ्गको भूत्वा जरितां समुपेयिवान् ॥१६॥

16. sa cintayannabhyagacchadbahulaprasavānkhagān ,
śārṅgikāṁ śārṅgako bhūtvā jaritāṁ samupeyivān.

16. saḥ cintayan abhyagacchat bahulaprasavān khagān
śārṅgikāṃ śārṅgakaḥ bhūtvā jaritāṃ samupeyivān

16. While contemplating, he approached birds known for their abundant progeny. Becoming a male Śārṅgaka bird, he then approached Jaritā, a female Śārṅgaka.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Mandapāla) (he, that (masculine singular))

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, pondering

• अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - he approached, he went towards

• बहुलप्रसवान् (bahulaprasavān) - birds with many offspring (those with many offspring, having abundant births)

• खगान् (khagān) - birds (plural accusative)

• शार्ङ्गिकां (śārṅgikāṁ) - Jaritā, who was a female Śārṅgaka bird (a female Śārṅgaka bird)

• शार्ङ्गकः (śārṅgakaḥ) - a male Śārṅgaka bird (species of bird)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

• जरितां (jaritāṁ) - Jaritā (a proper name, a female bird)

• समुपेयिवान् (samupeyivān) - he approached, he went to

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Mandapāla) (he, that (masculine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Nominative masculine singular.

Note: External sandhi with 'cintayan' (ḥ → null) is undone.

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, pondering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cint

cint - to think, reflect, consider

Present Active Participle

Formed with śatṛ suffix, masculine nominative singular.

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: External sandhi with 'abhyagacchat' (n → nn) is undone.

अभ्यगच्छत् (abhyagacchat) - he approached, he went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, with augment 'a-' and prefix 'abhi'.

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: External sandhi with 'bahulaprasavān' (t → d) is undone.

बहुलप्रसवान् (bahulaprasavān) - birds with many offspring (those with many offspring, having abundant births)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahulaprasava

bahulaprasava - having abundant offspring, prolific

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahula+prasava)

• bahula – abundant, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• prasava – birth, production, offspring, fruit
  noun (masculine)
  From `sū` (to bring forth) with `pra`.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sū (class 2)

खगान् (khagān) - birds (plural accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of khaga

khaga - bird, one moving in the sky (kha - sky, ga - going)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+ga)

• kha – sky, space, ether, zero
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from `gam`.
  From root `gam`.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: External sandhi with 'śārṅgikāṃ' (n → null) is undone.

शार्ङ्गिकां (śārṅgikāṁ) - Jaritā, who was a female Śārṅgaka bird (a female Śārṅgaka bird)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śārṅgikā

śārṅgikā - a kind of female bird (Śārṅgikā)

Feminine form of `śārṅgaka`.

Note: Acts as an appositive to 'Jaritāṃ'.

शार्ङ्गकः (śārṅgakaḥ) - a male Śārṅgaka bird (species of bird)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śārṅgaka

śārṅgaka - a kind of bird, a male Śārṅgaka

Note: External sandhi with 'bhūtvā' (ḥ → o) is undone.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, being

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

जरितां (jaritāṁ) - Jaritā (a proper name, a female bird)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jaritā

jaritā - name of a female bird (Jaritā)

समुपेयिवान् (samupeyivān) - he approached, he went to

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of i

i - to go

Perfect Active Participle

Perfect participle of `i` (to go) with prefixes `sam` and `upa`. Masculine nominative singular.

Prefixes: sam+upa

Root: i (class 2)