महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-216, verse-17

तच्च दिव्यं धनुःश्रेष्ठं ब्रह्मणा निर्मितं पुरा ।
गाण्डीवमुपसंगृह्य बभूव मुदितोऽर्जुनः ॥१७॥

17. tacca divyaṁ dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṁ brahmaṇā nirmitaṁ purā ,
gāṇḍīvamupasaṁgṛhya babhūva mudito'rjunaḥ.

17. tat ca divyaṃ dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṃ brahmaṇā nirmitaṃ
purā gāṇḍīvaṃ upasaṅgṛhya babhūva muditaḥ arjunaḥ

17. Arjuna became delighted after taking up that excellent, divine bow, the Gāṇḍīva, which had been created by Brahmā long ago.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the bow (dhanuḥśreṣṭha). (that, it)

• च (ca) - and, also

• दिव्यं (divyaṁ) - divine, celestial, heavenly

• धनुःश्रेष्ठं (dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṁ) - best of bows, excellent bow

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā

• निर्मितं (nirmitaṁ) - created, fashioned, built

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, long ago

• गाण्डीवं (gāṇḍīvaṁ) - The specific name of Arjuna's divine bow. (the Gāṇḍīva bow)

• उपसङ्गृह्य (upasaṅgṛhya) - having taken up, having seized

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, happened

• मुदितः (muditaḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava hero. (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - Refers to the bow (dhanuḥśreṣṭha). (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used here as an adjective agreeing with 'dhanuḥśreṣṭham'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दिव्यं (divyaṁ) - divine, celestial, heavenly

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, supernatural

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥśreṣṭham'.

धनुःश्रेष्ठं (dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṁ) - best of bows, excellent bow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhanuḥśreṣṭha

dhanuḥśreṣṭha - best of bows, excellent bow

Compound type : Tatpurusha (dhanus+śreṣṭha)

• dhanus – bow, arc
  noun (neuter)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, superior, chief
  adjective (neuter)

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - the creator god Brahmā; the Absolute (brahman)

निर्मितं (nirmitaṁ) - created, fashioned, built

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirmita

nirmita - created, fashioned, built, made

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the prefix 'nir' and the root 'mā' (to measure, build, create) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: nir

Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥśreṣṭham'.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, long ago

(indeclinable)

गाण्डीवं (gāṇḍīvaṁ) - The specific name of Arjuna's divine bow. (the Gāṇḍīva bow)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāṇḍīva

gāṇḍīva - the name of Arjuna's bow

उपसङ्गृह्य (upasaṅgṛhya) - having taken up, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from the prefixes 'upa' and 'sam' and the root 'grah' (to seize) with the absolutive suffix 'lyap'.

Prefixes: upa+sam

Root: grah (class 9)

बभूव (babhūva) - became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of babhūv

Perfect tense (Lit) form of the root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

मुदितः (muditaḥ) - delighted, joyful, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudita

mudita - delighted, joyful, pleased, happy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'mud' (to rejoice) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.

Root: mud (class 1)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava hero. (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna; white, clear