महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-216, verse-15

स तं नानापताकाभिः शोभितं रथमुत्तमम् ।
प्रदक्षिणमुपावृत्य दैवतेभ्यः प्रणम्य च ॥१५॥

15. sa taṁ nānāpatākābhiḥ śobhitaṁ rathamuttamam ,
pradakṣiṇamupāvṛtya daivatebhyaḥ praṇamya ca.

15. sa tam nānāpatākābhiḥ śobhitam ratham uttamam
pradakṣiṇam upāvṛtya daivatebhyaḥ praṇamya ca

15. He, having circled that excellent chariot, which was adorned with various banners, in a clockwise (pradakṣiṇam) direction, and having bowed to the deities...

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Rama (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• नानापताकाभिः (nānāpatākābhiḥ) - with various banners/flags

• शोभितम् (śobhitam) - adorned, decorated, made beautiful

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, highest

• प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - clockwise, auspiciously, reverentially

• उपावृत्य (upāvṛtya) - having circumambulated (having turned, having circled)

• दैवतेभ्यः (daivatebhyaḥ) - to the deities, for the gods

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed, having saluted

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Rama (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'. The visarga of 'saḥ' is dropped before non-sibilant voiced consonants.

Note: Subject of the implied main verb or the gerunds.

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'.

नानापताकाभिः (nānāpatākābhiḥ) - with various banners/flags

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of nānāpatākā

nānāpatākā - various flags/banners

Compound of 'nānā' (various) and 'patākā' (flag).

Compound type : karmadharaya (nānā+patākā)

• nānā – various, diverse
  indeclinable
• patākā – flag, banner, standard
  noun (feminine)

Note: Indicates the means by which the chariot is adorned.

शोभितम् (śobhitam) - adorned, decorated, made beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śobhita

śobhita - adorned, decorated, splendid, beautiful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √śubh (to shine, be beautiful).

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'ratham'.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rath (class 1)

Note: Object of the action 'upāvṛtya'.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - best, highest, excellent, principal

Superlative of 'ud' (up/out).

Note: Qualifies 'ratham'.

प्रदक्षिणम् (pradakṣiṇam) - clockwise, auspiciously, reverentially

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'pra' (forward) and 'dakṣiṇa' (right). Used adverbially here in the accusative neuter singular form.

Compound type : karmadharaya (pra+dakṣiṇa)

• pra – forth, forward, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• dakṣiṇa – right, southern, skillful
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbially modifies 'upāvṛtya'.

उपावृत्य (upāvṛtya) - having circumambulated (having turned, having circled)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √vṛt (to turn) with prefixes upa- and ā-.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: One of two gerunds describing the actions of the subject.

दैवतेभ्यः (daivatebhyaḥ) - to the deities, for the gods

(noun)

Dative, neuter, plural of daivata

daivata - deity, god, divine being

From 'deva' (god).

Note: Recipient of the action 'praṇamya'.

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √nam (to bow) with prefix pra-. Retroflexion of 'n' to 'ṇ' due to 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: One of two gerunds describing the actions of the subject.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.