महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-216, verse-13

तस्यां तु वानरो दिव्यः सिंहशार्दूललक्षणः ।
विनर्दन्निव तत्रस्थः संस्थितो मूर्ध्न्यशोभत ॥१३॥

13. tasyāṁ tu vānaro divyaḥ siṁhaśārdūlalakṣaṇaḥ ,
vinardanniva tatrasthaḥ saṁsthito mūrdhnyaśobhata.

13. tasyām tu vānaraḥ divyaḥ siṃhaśārdūlalakṣaṇaḥ
vinardan iva tatrasthaḥ saṃsthitaḥ mūrdhni aśobhata

13. And upon that [flagpole], a divine monkey (vānara), adorned with the characteristics of a lion and a tiger, stood splendidly at its peak, as if roaring from that very position.

13. ועל המוט עמד קוף שמימי, סימנו כאריה וכנמר, כאילו הוא שואג, והוא ניצב בראשו ונראה נהדר.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - on that flagpole (on that, in that)

• तु (tu) - but, and, indeed, however

• वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey god Hanuman (monkey, ape)

• दिव्यः (divyaḥ) - divine, celestial, heavenly

• सिंहशार्दूललक्षणः (siṁhaśārdūlalakṣaṇaḥ) - having the marks of a lion and a tiger

• विनर्दन् (vinardan) - roaring, shouting

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• तत्रस्थः (tatrasthaḥ) - standing there, situated there

• संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - stationed, placed, situated

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the top of the flagpole (on the head, on the top)

• अशोभत (aśobhata) - shone, appeared splendid, was beautiful

Words meanings and morphology

तस्याम् (tasyām) - on that flagpole (on that, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Feminine locative singular of 'tad'.

तु (tu) - but, and, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Particle.

वानरः (vānaraḥ) - the monkey god Hanuman (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape, belonging to a forest

Note: Subject of the sentence.

दिव्यः (divyaḥ) - divine, celestial, heavenly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, wonderful

From 'div' (sky, heaven).

Root: div

Note: Qualifies 'vānaraḥ'.

सिंहशार्दूललक्षणः (siṁhaśārdūlalakṣaṇaḥ) - having the marks of a lion and a tiger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siṃhaśārdūlalakṣaṇa

siṁhaśārdūlalakṣaṇa - characterized by a lion and a tiger

Compound type : bahuvrihi (siṃha+śārdūla+lakṣaṇa)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, sign, characteristic
  noun (neuter)
  From root √lakṣ (to observe, to mark).
  Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'vānaraḥ'.

विनर्दन् (vinardan) - roaring, shouting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinardat

vinardat - roaring, shouting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √nard (to roar, shout) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: nard (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vānaraḥ'. Used here adverbially with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

तत्रस्थः (tatrasthaḥ) - standing there, situated there

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatrastha

tatrastha - standing there, located there, being there

Compound of 'tatra' (there) and 'stha' (standing).

Compound type : avyayibhāva (tatra+stha)

• tatra – there, in that place
  indeclinable
  Adverb formed from pronoun 'tad'.
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vānaraḥ'.

संस्थितः (saṁsthitaḥ) - stationed, placed, situated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsthita

saṁsthita - stationed, placed, situated, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sthā (to stand) with prefix saṃ-.

Prefix: sam

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vānaraḥ'.

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the top of the flagpole (on the head, on the top)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

N-stem noun.

Note: Location where Hanuman is placed.

अशोभत (aśobhata) - shone, appeared splendid, was beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of śubh

Imperfect Middle (Ātmanepada)

3rd person singular, imperfect tense, middle voice. Augment 'a' + root 'śubh' + middle ending 'ta'.

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, subject is 'vānaraḥ'.

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