महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-1, chapter-206, verse-8
निविष्टे तत्र कौन्तेये ब्राह्मणेषु च भारत ।
अग्निहोत्राणि विप्रास्ते प्रादुश्चक्रुरनेकशः ॥८॥
अग्निहोत्राणि विप्रास्ते प्रादुश्चक्रुरनेकशः ॥८॥
8. niviṣṭe tatra kaunteye brāhmaṇeṣu ca bhārata ,
agnihotrāṇi viprāste prāduścakruranekaśaḥ.
agnihotrāṇi viprāste prāduścakruranekaśaḥ.
8.
niviṣṭe tatra kaunteye brāhmaṇeṣu ca bhārata
agnihotrāṇi viprāḥ te prāduḥ cakruḥ anekaśaḥ
agnihotrāṇi viprāḥ te prāduḥ cakruḥ anekaśaḥ
8.
O Bhārata, when Kuntī's son (Yudhiṣṭhira) had settled there among the Brahmins, those learned ones repeatedly performed their Agnihotra (fire sacrifices).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- निविष्टे (niviṣṭe) - In the locative absolute construction, it means 'when Kuntī's son was settled'. (settled, camped, entered)
- तत्र (tatra) - At Gaṅgādvāra, where the protagonist had made a camp. (there, in that place)
- कौन्तेये (kaunteye) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava. (in Kuntī's son, regarding Kuntī's son)
- ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - The learned priests who accompanied the protagonist. (among the Brahmins, in the Brahmins)
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- भारत (bhārata) - Addressing King Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a descendant of Bharata. (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))
- अग्निहोत्राणि (agnihotrāṇi) - The daily Vedic ritual of offering to the sacred fire. (fire sacrifices, Agnihotras)
- विप्राः (viprāḥ) - The priests who perform the Agnihotra sacrifices. (Brahmins, wise ones, inspired ones)
- ते (te) - Referring to the Brahmins (viprāḥ). (they, those)
- प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - Used as an adverbial prefix with `cakruḥ` (from `kṛ`) to mean 'commenced' or 'made manifest'. (manifest, visible, before)
- चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - In conjunction with `prāduḥ`, 'they commenced' or 'they caused to appear'. (they did, they made, they performed)
- अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - Describing the manner in which the sacrifices were performed. (in many ways, repeatedly, frequently, variously)
Words meanings and morphology
निविष्टे (niviṣṭe) - In the locative absolute construction, it means 'when Kuntī's son was settled'. (settled, camped, entered)
(participle)
Locative, masculine, singular of niviṣṭa
niviṣṭa - settled, entered, encamped, situated, fixed
Past Passive Participle
from ni-viś (to enter, settle)
Prefix: ni
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'kaunteye'.
तत्र (tatra) - At Gaṅgādvāra, where the protagonist had made a camp. (there, in that place)
(indeclinable)
कौन्तेये (kaunteye) - Referring to Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava. (in Kuntī's son, regarding Kuntī's son)
(proper noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kaunteya
kaunteya - son of Kuntī, a Pāṇḍava
descendant of Kuntī (Kunti + DhaK suffix)
Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'niviṣṭe'.
ब्राह्मणेषु (brāhmaṇeṣu) - The learned priests who accompanied the protagonist. (among the Brahmins, in the Brahmins)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, priest, relating to Brahman, sacred
Note: Refers to the priests present with Kuntī's son.
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
भारत (bhārata) - Addressing King Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a descendant of Bharata. (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata
bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India
अग्निहोत्राणि (agnihotrāṇi) - The daily Vedic ritual of offering to the sacred fire. (fire sacrifices, Agnihotras)
(compound)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agni+hotra)
- agni – fire, god of fire
noun (masculine) - hotra – act of offering, sacrifice, oblation
noun (neuter)
Root: hu (class 3)
Note: Can also be nominative plural neuter, as the object of 'performed'.
विप्राः (viprāḥ) - The priests who perform the Agnihotra sacrifices. (Brahmins, wise ones, inspired ones)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra
vipra - Brahmin, priest, wise, inspired, learned
Root: vip
Note: The subject of the verb 'cakruḥ'.
ते (te) - Referring to the Brahmins (viprāḥ). (they, those)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it, this
प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - Used as an adverbial prefix with `cakruḥ` (from `kṛ`) to mean 'commenced' or 'made manifest'. (manifest, visible, before)
(indeclinable)
Note: Often combined with verbs like kṛ or bhū.
चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - In conjunction with `prāduḥ`, 'they commenced' or 'they caused to appear'. (they did, they made, they performed)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ
Perfect Active
3rd person plural, Perfect Active, Parasmaipada
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अनेकशः (anekaśaḥ) - Describing the manner in which the sacrifices were performed. (in many ways, repeatedly, frequently, variously)
(indeclinable)
from aneka ('many') + śas (suffix meaning 'in how many ways')