महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-206, verse-25

परस्परं वर्तमानान्द्रुपदस्यात्मजां प्रति ।
यो नोऽनुप्रविशेन्मोहात्स नो द्वादशवार्षिकम् ।
वने चरेद्ब्रह्मचर्यमिति वः समयः कृतः ॥२५॥

25. parasparaṁ vartamānāndrupadasyātmajāṁ prati ,
yo no'nupraviśenmohātsa no dvādaśavārṣikam ,
vane caredbrahmacaryamiti vaḥ samayaḥ kṛtaḥ.

25. parasparam vartamānān drupadasya
ātmajām prati yaḥ naḥ anupraviśet mohāt
saḥ naḥ dvādaśavārṣikam vane caret
brahmacaryam iti vaḥ samayaḥ kṛtaḥ

25. Among yourselves, when you are each with Drupada's daughter (Draupadī) in turn, if anyone among us, out of infatuation, were to enter (their private space), that person among us would have to live in the forest observing celibacy (brahmacarya) for twelve years. This was the agreement (samaya) made by you all.

Words meanings summery:

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - among yourselves, mutually (mutually, reciprocally, among themselves)

• वर्तमानान् (vartamānān) - while being present (with Draupadī), observing turns (being, existing, remaining; present)

• द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada

• आत्मजाम् (ātmajām) - Draupadī, the daughter of Drupada (daughter, born of oneself)

• प्रति (prati) - regarding, towards (towards, to, concerning, regarding)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (among us) (who, whoever, which)

• नः (naḥ) - among us (to us, our, of us)

• अनुप्रविशेत् (anupraviśet) - would enter (their private space) (would enter, should enter)

• मोहात् (mohāt) - out of infatuation/delusion (from delusion, out of infatuation, out of ignorance)

• सः (saḥ) - that one (who violates the agreement) (he, that one)

• नः (naḥ) - among us (to us, our, of us)

• द्वादशवार्षिकम् (dvādaśavārṣikam) - for twelve years (for twelve years, lasting twelve years)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (as part of exile) (in the forest, in a grove)

• चरेत् (caret) - should live, observe (celibacy) (should wander, should behave, should observe)

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (celibacy, student life, religious observance)

• इति (iti) - thus (this was the agreement) (thus, in this manner, so)

• वः (vaḥ) - by you (all) (to you (plural), your, by you)

• समयः (samayaḥ) - agreement, pledge (samaya) (agreement, compact, time, convention)

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, established (done, made, performed)

Words meanings and morphology

परस्परम् (parasparam) - among yourselves, mutually (mutually, reciprocally, among themselves)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

वर्तमानान् (vartamānān) - while being present (with Draupadī), observing turns (being, existing, remaining; present)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb root `vṛt` (to be, to exist) with `śānac` suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies an implied subject, refers to the Pandavas.

द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - Drupada (name of a king)

आत्मजाम् (ātmajām) - Draupadī, the daughter of Drupada (daughter, born of oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ātmajā

ātmajā - daughter, son (if masculine), born of oneself

From `ātman` (self) + `ja` (born).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `jan` (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Direct object of the implied action (entering her presence).

प्रति (prati) - regarding, towards (towards, to, concerning, regarding)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (among us) (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to one of the Pandavas.

नः (naḥ) - among us (to us, our, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Implies 'one among us'.

अनुप्रविशेत् (anupraviśet) - would enter (their private space) (would enter, should enter)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of anupraviś

From root `viś` (to enter) with upasargas `anu` and `pra`.

Prefixes: anu+pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Expresses a potential or conditional action.

मोहात् (mohāt) - out of infatuation/delusion (from delusion, out of infatuation, out of ignorance)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, infatuation, bewilderment, ignorance

From root `muh` (to be bewildered, to err).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause or reason.

सः (saḥ) - that one (who violates the agreement) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नः (naḥ) - among us (to us, our, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Implies 'that one among us'.

द्वादशवार्षिकम् (dvādaśavārṣikam) - for twelve years (for twelve years, lasting twelve years)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvādaśavārṣika

dvādaśavārṣika - twelve-yearly, lasting twelve years

From `dvādaśa` (twelve) + `varṣa` (year) + `ṭhak` suffix.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvādaśa+varṣa)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates duration of time.

वने (vane) - in the forest (as part of exile) (in the forest, in a grove)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Indicates the place of action.

चरेत् (caret) - should live, observe (celibacy) (should wander, should behave, should observe)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Expresses a prescribed action or command.

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - celibacy (brahmacarya) (celibacy, student life, religious observance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, studenthood, conduct leading to brahman

From `brahman` + `carya` (conduct).

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+carya)

• brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word, Veda, priest
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, practice, course
  noun (neuter)
  From root `car` (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of `caret`.

इति (iti) - thus (this was the agreement) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - by you (all) (to you (plural), your, by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Indicates the agent in the passive construction `samayaḥ kṛtaḥ`.

समयः (samayaḥ) - agreement, pledge (samaya) (agreement, compact, time, convention)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - agreement, compact, appointed time, convention, religious observance

From `sam` (with) + root `i` (to go).

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of the passive verb `kṛtaḥ`.

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, established (done, made, performed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `kṛ` (to do, to make) with `kta` suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agreeing with `samayaḥ`.