महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-187, verse-2

पर्यपृच्छददीनात्मा कुन्तीपुत्रं सुवर्चसम् ।
कथं जानीम भवतः क्षत्रियान्ब्राह्मणानुत ॥२॥

2. paryapṛcchadadīnātmā kuntīputraṁ suvarcasam ,
kathaṁ jānīma bhavataḥ kṣatriyānbrāhmaṇānuta.

2. paryapṛcchat adīnātmā kuntīputram suvarcasam
katham jānīmaḥ bhavataḥ kṣatriyān brāhmaṇān uta

2. The noble-minded (adīnātmā) Drupada asked the glorious son of Kunti (kuntīputram), Yudhiṣṭhira: 'How are we to know if you are Kṣatriyas or Brahmins?'

Words meanings summery:

• पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - he asked, he questioned

• अदीनात्मा (adīnātmā) - Refers to Drupada. (the noble-minded one, the un-depressed one, the brave-hearted one)

• कुन्तीपुत्रम् (kuntīputram) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira here, specifically as he is being addressed. (the son of Kunti)

• सुवर्चसम् (suvarcasam) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (the brilliant, the glorious one, full of splendor)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we know, we should know

• भवतः (bhavataḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira and his brothers. (your (respectful plural))

• क्षत्रियान् (kṣatriyān) - Kṣatriyas, warriors

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

• उत (uta) - or, whether

Words meanings and morphology

पर्यपृच्छत् (paryapṛcchat) - he asked, he questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of paripracch

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular of 'paripracch' (pari + √prach).

Prefix: pari

Root: prach (class 6)

अदीनात्मा (adīnātmā) - Refers to Drupada. (the noble-minded one, the un-depressed one, the brave-hearted one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adīnātman

adīnātman - noble-minded, not dejected, brave-hearted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dīna+ātman)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dīna – miserable, dejected, poor
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'dī' (to fade, decay) or 'din' (to be sorrowful).
  Root: dī (class 4)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an

कुन्तीपुत्रम् (kuntīputram) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira here, specifically as he is being addressed. (the son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kunti

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kunti (name of the mother of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)

सुवर्चसम् (suvarcasam) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (the brilliant, the glorious one, full of splendor)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suvarcasa

suvarcasa - bright, brilliant, glorious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+varcas)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating excellence.
• varcas – vigor, energy, splendor
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'vṛj' (to shine).
  Root: vṛj

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we know, we should know

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of jñā

Present Active

Present 1st person plural of root 'jñā' (9th class). Implies potential/optative sense in questions.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Can also have an optative sense in interrogative sentences.

भवतः (bhavataḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira and his brothers. (your (respectful plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your, you (respectful)

Present active participle of 'bhū' used as a respectful pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

क्षत्रियान् (kṣatriyān) - Kṣatriyas, warriors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior/ruling class

Root: kṣi

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a member of the priestly class

Formed from 'brahman' with 'aṇ' suffix.

Root: bṛh

उत (uta) - or, whether

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.