महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-146, verse-2

अवश्यं निधनं सर्वैर्गन्तव्यमिह मानवैः ।
अवश्यभाविन्यर्थे वै संतापो नेह विद्यते ॥२॥

2. avaśyaṁ nidhanaṁ sarvairgantavyamiha mānavaiḥ ,
avaśyabhāvinyarthe vai saṁtāpo neha vidyate.

2. avaśyam nidhanam sarvaiḥ gantavyam iha mānavaiḥ
avaśyabhāvini arthe vai santāpaḥ na iha vidyate

2. Death (nidhana) is certainly inevitable for all human beings (mānava) in this world. Therefore, there is no sorrow (santāpa) regarding that which is bound to happen.

Words meanings summery:

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly)

• निधनम् (nidhanam) - death (death, destruction, end, store, treasure)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all human beings (by all)

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - is to be reached (to be gone to, to be reached, ought to be gone, destined)

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, at this time)

• मानवैः (mānavaiḥ) - by human beings (by humans, by men)

• अवश्यभाविनि (avaśyabhāvini) - concerning that which is inevitable (in that which is certainly going to be, in the inevitable)

• अर्थे (arthe) - regarding the matter or thing (in the object, in the purpose, in the matter, in the thing)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, surely)

• सन्तापः (santāpaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, anguish, distress, grief)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• इह (iha) - here (in this case) (here, in this world, at this time)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found, is)

Words meanings and morphology

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly (certainly, necessarily, undoubtedly)

(indeclinable)

निधनम् (nidhanam) - death (death, destruction, end, store, treasure)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nidhana

nidhana - death, destruction, end, store, treasure

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the passive construction with 'gantavyam'.

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all human beings (by all)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - is to be reached (to be gone to, to be reached, ought to be gone, destined)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone to, to be reached, destined, unavoidable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

from root gam (to go) + tavya suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nidhanam'.

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world, at this time)

(indeclinable)

मानवैः (mānavaiḥ) - by human beings (by humans, by men)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, relating to humans, human being, man

derived from manu

Note: Agent of the action 'gantavyam'.

अवश्यभाविनि (avaśyabhāvini) - concerning that which is inevitable (in that which is certainly going to be, in the inevitable)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avaśyabhāvin

avaśyabhāvin - inevitable, necessarily existing or happening, bound to occur

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avaśya+bhāvin)

• avaśya – necessary, certain, inevitable
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāvin – about to be, future, existing, occurring
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Active Participle (secondary suffix -in)
  from root bhū + -in suffix (present participle)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'arthe', which is masculine here.

अर्थे (arthe) - regarding the matter or thing (in the object, in the purpose, in the matter, in the thing)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, thing, wealth, matter

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, surely)

(indeclinable)

सन्तापः (santāpaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, anguish, distress, grief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of santāpa

santāpa - sorrow, anguish, distress, grief, burning, heat

from sam-tap

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here (in this case) (here, in this world, at this time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Reinforces the current situation or matter.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is found, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense

from root vid (to be), ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root: vid (class 2)