महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-146, verse-10

कथं हि विधवानाथा बालपुत्रा विना त्वया ।
मिथुनं जीवयिष्यामि स्थिता साधुगते पथि ॥१०॥

10. kathaṁ hi vidhavānāthā bālaputrā vinā tvayā ,
mithunaṁ jīvayiṣyāmi sthitā sādhugate pathi.

10. katham hi vidhavā-anāthā bāla-putrā vinā tvayā
| mithunam jīvayisyāmi sthitā sādhu-gate pathi

10. Indeed, how shall I, a helpless widow with young children and without you, be able to sustain this pair (of children) while remaining on the path of the virtuous?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• विधवा-अनाथा (vidhavā-anāthā) - a helpless widow

• बाल-पुत्रा (bāla-putrā) - having young children, with young sons

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• त्वया (tvayā) - without you (by you, with you)

• मिथुनम् (mithunam) - the pair of children (son and daughter) (pair, couple, twin, union)

• जीवयिस्यामि (jīvayisyāmi) - I shall cause to live, I shall maintain, I shall raise

• स्थिता (sthitā) - remaining, abiding (standing, remaining, situated, abiding)

• साधु-गते (sādhu-gate) - in the path of the virtuous, in the path of good conduct

• पथि (pathi) - in the path, on the way

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

विधवा-अनाथा (vidhavā-anāthā) - a helpless widow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidhavā-anāthā

vidhavā-anāthā - a helpless widow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vidhavā+anāthā)

• vidhavā – widow
  noun (feminine)
• anāthā – helpless, unprotected, without a protector
  adjective (feminine)

बाल-पुत्रा (bāla-putrā) - having young children, with young sons

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bāla-putra

bāla-putra - having young children/sons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāla+putra)

• bāla – young, child, infant
  adjective (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - without you (by you, with you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Used with 'vinā' to mean 'without you'.

मिथुनम् (mithunam) - the pair of children (son and daughter) (pair, couple, twin, union)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mithuna

mithuna - pair, couple, two, twin, union

जीवयिस्यामि (jīvayisyāmi) - I shall cause to live, I shall maintain, I shall raise

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of jīv

Causative

Future tense, 1st person singular of the causative verb from root jīv.

Root: jīv (class 1)

स्थिता (sthitā) - remaining, abiding (standing, remaining, situated, abiding)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, remaining, situated, abiding, firm

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

साधु-गते (sādhu-gate) - in the path of the virtuous, in the path of good conduct

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sādhu-gata

sādhu-gata - gone by the virtuous, righteous path

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sādhu+gata)

• sādhu – virtuous, good, holy, righteous
  adjective
• gata – gone, reached, passed, followed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Describes 'pathi'.

पथि (pathi) - in the path, on the way

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, way, road, course