महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-142, verse-21

अर्जुन उवाच ।
किमनेन चिरं भीम जीवता पापरक्षसा ।
गन्तव्यं न चिरं स्थातुमिह शक्यमरिंदम ॥२१॥

21. arjuna uvāca ,
kimanena ciraṁ bhīma jīvatā pāparakṣasā ,
gantavyaṁ na ciraṁ sthātumiha śakyamariṁdama.

21. arjunaḥ uvāca kim anena ciram bhīma jīvatā pāparākṣasā
gantavyam na ciram sthātum iha śakyam ariṃdama

21. Arjuna said: Bhīma, what use is there in this sinful demon (rākṣasa) living long? It is not possible to stay here for long, O subduer of enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas), white, clear)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• किम् (kim) - what use? (what?, why?, what use?)

• अनेन (anena) - by this (demon) (by this, by him)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for long (for a long time, long, tardily)

• भीम (bhīma) - O Bhīma (Bhīma, terrible, dreadful)

• जीवता (jīvatā) - while living, by his living (by the living one, while living)

• पापराक्षसा (pāparākṣasā) - by this sinful demon (rākṣasa) (by the sinful demon, by the evil rākṣasa)

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - one should go, it is to be gone (to be gone, one must go)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for long (for a long time, long)

• स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stay (to stand, to stay, to remain)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this case)

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (possible, capable, practicable)

• अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas), white, clear)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (the third of the Pāṇḍava brothers), white, silvery, clear

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root vac, irregular perfect formation

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what use? (what?, why?, what use?)

(indeclinable)

अनेन (anena) - by this (demon) (by this, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

चिरम् (ciram) - for long (for a long time, long, tardily)

(indeclinable)

भीम (bhīma) - O Bhīma (Bhīma, terrible, dreadful)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (a name of one of the Pāṇḍava brothers, known for his strength), terrible, formidable, dreadful

जीवता (jīvatā) - while living, by his living (by the living one, while living)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, existing

Present Active Participle

From root jīv (to live) + -at suffix

Root: jīv (class 1)

पापराक्षसा (pāparākṣasā) - by this sinful demon (rākṣasa) (by the sinful demon, by the evil rākṣasa)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāparākṣasa

pāparākṣasa - sinful demon, evil rākṣasa

Tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+rākṣasa)

• pāpa – evil, wicked, sinful, bad, sin, vice
  adjective (neuter)
• rākṣasa – a demon, an evil being, a fiend
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - one should go, it is to be gone (to be gone, one must go)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone, that which must be gone to, to be obtained

Gerundive

From root gam (to go) + -tavya suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

चिरम् (ciram) - for long (for a long time, long)

(indeclinable)

स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stay (to stand, to stay, to remain)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root sthā (to stand) + -tum suffix

Root: sthā (class 1)

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world, in this case)

(indeclinable)

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible (possible, capable, practicable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable, to be mastered

Gerundive

From root śak (to be able) + -ya suffix

Root: śak (class 5)

अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes, hero

Compound of ari (enemy) and dama (subduing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root dam (to tame, subdue)
  Root: dam (class 4)