महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-142, verse-17

राक्षसेन तथा भीमं क्लिश्यमानं निरीक्ष्य तु ।
उवाचेदं वचः पार्थः प्रहसञ्शनकैरिव ॥१७॥

17. rākṣasena tathā bhīmaṁ kliśyamānaṁ nirīkṣya tu ,
uvācedaṁ vacaḥ pārthaḥ prahasañśanakairiva.

17. rākṣasena tathā bhīmam kliśyamānam nirīkṣya tu
uvāca idam vacaḥ pārthaḥ prahasan śanakaiḥ iva

17. However, after seeing Bhīma thus being tormented by the Rākṣasa, Arjuna spoke these words, as if laughing gently.

Words meanings summery:

• राक्षसेन (rākṣasena) - by the Rākṣasa

• तथा (tathā) - thus

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

• क्लिश्यमानम् (kliśyamānam) - being tormented

• निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having seen

• तु (tu) - but

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā) (Arjuna)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly

• इव (iva) - like

Words meanings and morphology

राक्षसेन (rākṣasena) - by the Rākṣasa

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rākṣasa

तथा (tathā) - thus

(indeclinable)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhīma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (a son of Pāṇḍu), terrible, formidable

क्लिश्यमानम् (kliśyamānam) - being tormented

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kliśyamāṇa

kliśyamāṇa - being tormented, suffering, distressed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kliś' (to torment, distress)

Root: kliś (class 4)

निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'nir'

Prefix: nir

Root: īkṣ

तु (tu) - but

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

वचः (vacaḥ) - word

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā) (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'has' (to laugh) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: has

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - like

(indeclinable)