महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-142, verse-10

चिरायमाणां मां ज्ञात्वा ततः स पुरुषादकः ।
स्वयमेवागतो हन्तुमिमान्सर्वांस्तवात्मजान् ॥१०॥

10. cirāyamāṇāṁ māṁ jñātvā tataḥ sa puruṣādakaḥ ,
svayamevāgato hantumimānsarvāṁstavātmajān.

10. cirāyamāṇām mām jñātvā tataḥ sa puruṣādakaḥ
svayam eva āgataḥ hantuṃ imān sarvān tava ātmajān

10. Then, realizing that I was delaying, that man-eater himself came to kill all these sons of yours.

Words meanings summery:

• चिरायमाणाम् (cirāyamāṇām) - me delaying (delaying, lingering, tarrying)

• माम् (mām) - me

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - realizing (having known, knowing)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• स (sa) - that (he, that)

• पुरुषादकः (puruṣādakaḥ) - man-eater, cannibal, demon

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, by oneself)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, arrived, come

• हन्तुं (hantuṁ) - to kill

• इमान् (imān) - these

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• तव (tava) - your

• आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - sons, offspring

Words meanings and morphology

चिरायमाणाम् (cirāyamāṇām) - me delaying (delaying, lingering, tarrying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cirāyamāṇa

cirāyamāṇa - delaying, lingering, tarrying

Present Middle Participle

From denominative root 'cirāya' (to delay) + 'śānac' (māṇa)

Root: cira

Note: Adjective for 'mām'

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - realizing (having known, knowing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'jñā' (to know) + 'ktvā' (tvā)

Root: jñā (class 9)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

From pronominal base 'tad' with suffix '-tas'

स (sa) - that (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the man-eater

पुरुषादकः (puruṣādakaḥ) - man-eater, cannibal, demon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣādaka

puruṣādaka - man-eater, cannibal, demon

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (puruṣa+ādaka)

• puruṣa – man, person, male
  noun (masculine)
• ādaka – eater
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'ad' (to eat) + 'ṇvul' (aka)
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (oneself, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the subject

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, arrived, come

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with upasarga 'ā' + 'kta' (ta)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as main verb 'came'

हन्तुं (hantuṁ) - to kill

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root 'han' (to strike, kill) + infinitive suffix 'tumun'

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Infinitive of purpose

इमान् (imān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Adjective for 'ātmajān'

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective for 'ātmajān'

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आत्मजान् (ātmajān) - sons, offspring

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, offspring, born of oneself

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root 'jan' (to be born) + 'ḍa'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'hantum'