महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-112, verse-17

तेनाचिरेण कालेन जगामास्तमिवांशुमान् ।
तस्मिन्प्रेते मनुष्येन्द्रे भार्यास्य भृशदुःखिता ॥१७॥

17. tenācireṇa kālena jagāmāstamivāṁśumān ,
tasminprete manuṣyendre bhāryāsya bhṛśaduḥkhitā.

17. tena acireṇa kālena jagāma astam iva aṃśumān
tasmin prete manuṣyendre bhāryā asya bhṛśaduḥkhitā

17. By that disease, in a short time, he departed just like the setting sun. When that king of men had passed away, his wife became extremely distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that disease/cause (by that, by him, by it)

• अचिरेण (acireṇa) - quickly, in a short time, without delay

• कालेन (kālena) - in a short period of time (by time, in time)

• जगाम (jagāma) - He died. (went, departed)

• अस्तम् (astam) - The setting of the sun, or 'to his end'. (setting, going home, disappearance)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

• अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - the sun, radiant, possessed of rays

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, when that

• प्रेते (prete) - deceased, dead, departed

• मनुष्येन्द्रे (manuṣyendre) - in the chief of men, in the king of men

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

• भृशदुःखिता (bhṛśaduḥkhitā) - greatly distressed, extremely sorrowful

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that disease/cause (by that, by him, by it)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अचिरेण (acireṇa) - quickly, in a short time, without delay

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of acira

acira - not long, short (time)

Negative compound (Nañ Tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cira)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• cira – long (time)
  adjective

Note: Adverbial use.

कालेन (kālena) - in a short period of time (by time, in time)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

जगाम (jagāma) - He died. (went, departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of gam

Root gam (1P)

Root: gam (class 1)

अस्तम् (astam) - The setting of the sun, or 'to his end'. (setting, going home, disappearance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - setting (of sun), home, end, disappearance

Root: as

इव (iva) - like, as if, as it were

(indeclinable)

अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - the sun, radiant, possessed of rays

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṃśumat

aṁśumat - radiant, luminous, the sun, moon, fire

Possessive suffix -mat

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, when that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रेते (prete) - deceased, dead, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of preta

preta - departed, dead, a ghost, spirit of the dead

Past Passive Participle

From root i (to go) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

मनुष्येन्द्रे (manuṣyendre) - in the chief of men, in the king of men

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of manuṣyendra

manuṣyendra - king of men, chief among men

Tatpuruṣa compound (manusya + indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuṣya+indra)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife (lit. one to be supported)

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root bhṛ (to bear, support) + -ya suffix.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

भृशदुःखिता (bhṛśaduḥkhitā) - greatly distressed, extremely sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhṛśaduḥkhita

bhṛśaduḥkhita - greatly distressed, very sorrowful

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛśa+duḥkhita)

• bhṛśa – much, excessive, greatly, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, grieved, unhappy
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dukh (to feel pain)
  Root: dukh (class 10)