योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-3, verse-3

एतौ वेदनशब्दार्थौ रज्जुसर्पभ्रमोपमौ ।
असत्यावुदितौ विद्धि मृगतृष्णाम्भसा समौ ॥ ३ ॥

etau vedanaśabdārthau rajjusarpabhramopamau ,
asatyāvuditau viddhi mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhasā samau 3

3. etau vedanaśabdārthau rajjusarpabhramopamau
asatyau uditau viddhi mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhasā samau

3. etau vedanaśabdārthau rajjusarpabhramopamau
asatyau uditau mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhasā samau viddhi

3. Know that these two concepts relating to 'knowing', which are declared (to exist), are unreal. They are comparable to the illusion of a snake in a rope, and similar to the water of a mirage.

Words meanings summery:

• एतौ (etau) - these two (concepts, referring to knowing and not-knowing) (these two)

• वेदनशब्दार्थौ (vedanaśabdārthau) - the two concepts of 'knowing' and 'not-knowing' (derived from the word 'vedana') (the two meanings of the word 'vedana')

• रज्जुसर्पभ्रमोपमौ (rajjusarpabhramopamau) - comparable to the illusion of a snake in a rope

• असत्यौ (asatyau) - unreal, untrue (dual)

• उदितौ (uditau) - declared (to exist or be perceived) (declared, manifested, arisen (dual))

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

• मृगतृष्णाम्भसा (mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhasā) - by the water of a mirage

• समौ (samau) - similar, equal (dual)

Words meanings and morphology

एतौ (etau) - these two (concepts, referring to knowing and not-knowing) (these two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etas

etas - this, these

वेदनशब्दार्थौ (vedanaśabdārthau) - the two concepts of 'knowing' and 'not-knowing' (derived from the word 'vedana') (the two meanings of the word 'vedana')

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vedanaśabdārtha

vedanaśabdārtha - the meaning of the word 'vedana'

compound of 'vedana', 'śabda', and 'artha'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vedana+śabda+artha)

• vedana – knowing, perception, feeling
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  from √vid (to know, perceive) + -ana suffix
  Root: vid (class 2)
• śabda – word, sound
  noun (masculine)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object
  noun (masculine)

रज्जुसर्पभ्रमोपमौ (rajjusarpabhramopamau) - comparable to the illusion of a snake in a rope

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rajjusarpabhramopama

rajjusarpabhramopama - comparable to the illusion of a snake (mistaken for) a rope

compound of 'rajju' (rope), 'sarpa' (snake), 'bhrama' (illusion), 'upama' (comparison)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rajju+sarpa+bhrama+upama)

• rajju – rope, cord
  noun (feminine)
• sarpa – snake, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• bhrama – error, illusion, confusion
  noun (masculine)
• upama – comparison, simile, likeness
  noun (feminine)

असत्यौ (asatyau) - unreal, untrue (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of asatya

asatya - unreal, false, untrue, deceitful

from 'a' (negation) + 'satya' (truth)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+satya)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• satya – truth, reality, true, real
  noun (neuter)

उदितौ (uditau) - declared (to exist or be perceived) (declared, manifested, arisen (dual))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of udita

udita - risen, appeared, declared, spoken, uttered

past passive participle

from upasarga 'ud' + root √vad (to speak)

Prefix: ud

Root: vad (class 1)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know! understand!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of vid

imperative mood

root √vid, Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice (parasmaipada)

Root: vid (class 2)

मृगतृष्णाम्भसा (mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhasā) - by the water of a mirage

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhas

mṛgatṛṣṇāmbhas - water of a mirage

compound of 'mṛgatṛṣṇā' (mirage) and 'ambhas' (water)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛgatṛṣṇā+ambhas)

• mṛgatṛṣṇā – mirage, delusion
  noun (feminine)
  compound of 'mṛga' (deer) and 'tṛṣṇā' (thirst)
• ambhas – water
  noun (neuter)

समौ (samau) - similar, equal (dual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sama

sama - same, equal, similar, identical, like

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