योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-3, verse-23

कर्मणो वेदनं त्यागः स च सिद्धः प्रबोधतः ।
अवस्तु नेतरेणार्थः किं कृतेनाकृतेन वा ॥ २३ ॥

karmaṇo vedanaṃ tyāgaḥ sa ca siddhaḥ prabodhataḥ ,
avastu netareṇārthaḥ kiṃ kṛtenākṛtena vā 23

23. karmaṇaḥ vedanam tyāgaḥ saḥ ca siddhaḥ prabodhataḥ
avastu na itareṇa arthaḥ kim kṛtena akṛtena vā

23. karmaṇaḥ vedanam tyāgaḥ saḥ ca prabodhataḥ siddhaḥ
avastu na itareṇa arthaḥ kim kṛtena akṛtena vā

23. The understanding (vedanam) of action (karmaṇaḥ) is its abandonment (tyāgaḥ). And that (saḥ ca) is perfected (siddhaḥ) through profound awakening (prabodhataḥ). [Action] is not a substantial reality (avastu); no real benefit (arthaḥ) is gained through any other means (itareṇa). What purpose is served by what is done (kṛtena) or not done (akṛtena vā)?

Words meanings summery:

• कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of work, of karma

• वेदनम् (vedanam) - true knowledge or realization (understanding, knowledge, knowing)

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, relinquishment

• सः (saḥ) - that abandonment (that, he, it)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सिद्धः (siddhaḥ) - accomplished, perfected, achieved, proven

• प्रबोधतः (prabodhataḥ) - through awakening, from enlightenment

• अवस्तु (avastu) - action is not a substantial or ultimate reality (not a real thing, insubstantial, non-existent)

• न (na) - not, no

• इतरेण (itareṇa) - by another, by another means, by any other way

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - real benefit or purpose (purpose, meaning, object, benefit, wealth)

• किम् (kim) - what purpose? (what? why?)

• कृतेन (kṛtena) - by what is done, by the action performed

• अकृतेन (akṛtena) - by what is not done, by the unperformed action

• वा (vā) - or

Words meanings and morphology

कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of work, of karma

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action (karma), deed, work, ritual

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वेदनम् (vedanam) - true knowledge or realization (understanding, knowledge, knowing)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vedana

vedana - understanding, knowledge, perception, feeling

Verbal Noun

Derived from root `vid` (to know, perceive) with suffix `-ana`.

Root: vid (class 2)

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, relinquishment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, relinquishment, sacrifice

From root `tyaj` (to abandon) with suffix `-a`.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that abandonment (that, he, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सिद्धः (siddhaḥ) - accomplished, perfected, achieved, proven

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, achieved, proven, successful

Past Passive Participle

From root `sidh` (to accomplish, succeed) with suffix `-ta`.

Root: sidh (class 4)

प्रबोधतः (prabodhataḥ) - through awakening, from enlightenment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of prabodha

prabodha - awakening, enlightenment, knowledge, consciousness

Ablative suffix `-taḥ` indicating origin or means. From root `budh` (to awaken, know) with prefix `pra` (forth, forward).

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 1)

अवस्तु (avastu) - action is not a substantial or ultimate reality (not a real thing, insubstantial, non-existent)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avastu

avastu - not a thing, non-existent, unreal, insubstantial

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vastu)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• vastu – thing, object, substance, reality
  noun (neuter)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इतरेण (itareṇa) - by another, by another means, by any other way

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of itara

itara - other, another

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - real benefit or purpose (purpose, meaning, object, benefit, wealth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, benefit, wealth, thing

किम् (kim) - what purpose? (what? why?)

(indeclinable)

कृतेन (kṛtena) - by what is done, by the action performed

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, deed

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, make) with suffix `-ta`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अकृतेन (akṛtena) - by what is not done, by the unperformed action

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of akṛta

akṛta - not done, unperformed, not made

Past Passive Participle

From root `kṛ` (to do, make) with suffix `-ta` and negative prefix `a-`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṛta)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `kṛ` (to do, make) with suffix `-ta`.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)