योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-3, verse-1

श्रीराम उवाच ।
अवेदनं वेदनस्य मुनीन्द्र क्रियते कथम् ।
नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः ॥ १ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
avedanaṃ vedanasya munīndra kriyate katham ,
nāsato vidyate bhāvo nābhāvo vidyate sataḥ 1

1. śrīrāma uvāca avedanam vedanasya munīndra kriyate katham
na asataḥ vidyate bhāvaḥ na abhāvaḥ vidyate sataḥ

1. śrīrāma uvāca.
munīndra,
vedanasya avedanam katham kriyate? asataḥ bhāvaḥ na vidyate,
sataḥ abhāvaḥ na vidyate.

1. Śrī Rāma said: "O chief of sages, how is the non-cognition of knowledge (vedana) brought about? For of the non-existent there is no being, and of the existent there is no non-being."

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma, the speaker (Śrī Rāma (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - stated (said, spoke)

• अवेदनम् (avedanam) - the state of not perceiving or understanding (non-knowledge, non-cognition, ignorance)

• वेदनस्य (vedanasya) - pertaining to awareness or consciousness itself (of knowledge, of cognition, of sensation)

• मुनीन्द्र (munīndra) - addressed to Sage Vasiṣṭha (O chief of sages, O lord of ascetics)

• क्रियते (kriyate) - is caused or manifests (is done, is made, is brought about)

• कथम् (katham) - inquiring about the mechanism or possibility (how, in what manner)

• न (na) - negation (not, no)

• असतः (asataḥ) - of the non-existent, of the unreal

• विद्यते (vidyate) - truly comes into being or manifests (exists, is found, is)

• भावः (bhāvaḥ) - actual existence or manifestation (being, existence, nature, state)

• न (na) - negation (not, no)

• अभावः (abhāvaḥ) - the state of not existing, annihilation (non-existence, absence, non-being)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - truly ceases to exist (exists, is found, is)

• सतः (sataḥ) - referring to that which is truly real and always exists (of the existent, of reality, of being)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma, the speaker (Śrī Rāma (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Śrī Rāma (name of a prominent deity and epic hero)

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – prosperity, wealth, glory, divine
  adjective/noun (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma (proper name); pleasing, charming
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - stated (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ), 3rd person singular of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

अवेदनम् (avedanam) - the state of not perceiving or understanding (non-knowledge, non-cognition, ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avedana

avedana - non-knowledge, lack of feeling, ignorance

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vedana)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• vedana – knowledge, cognition, sensation, feeling
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'kriyate'.

वेदनस्य (vedanasya) - pertaining to awareness or consciousness itself (of knowledge, of cognition, of sensation)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vedana

vedana - knowledge, cognition, sensation, feeling

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'avedanam' (non-cognition of knowledge).

मुनीन्द्र (munīndra) - addressed to Sage Vasiṣṭha (O chief of sages, O lord of ascetics)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munīndra

munīndra - chief of sages, lord of ascetics

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+indra)

• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

क्रियते (kriyate) - is caused or manifests (is done, is made, is brought about)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ

passive voice

Present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular, passive voice of root 'kṛ' (class 8).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कथम् (katham) - inquiring about the mechanism or possibility (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - negation (not, no)

(indeclinable)

असतः (asataḥ) - of the non-existent, of the unreal

(noun)

Genitive, neuter/masculine, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be) with negative prefix 'a'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, real, true; being
  adjective/noun (neuter/masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'as' (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)

विद्यते (vidyate) - truly comes into being or manifests (exists, is found, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular, middle/passive voice of root 'vid' (class 4).

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Here, 'is found to be' or 'exists'.

भावः (bhāvaḥ) - actual existence or manifestation (being, existence, nature, state)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāva

bhāva - being, existence, state, nature, becoming, emotion

From root 'bhū' (to be, to exist).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

न (na) - negation (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अभावः (abhāvaḥ) - the state of not existing, annihilation (non-existence, absence, non-being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhāva

abhāva - non-existence, absence, non-being

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāva)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• bhāva – being, existence, state, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - truly ceases to exist (exists, is found, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular, middle/passive voice of root 'vid' (class 4).

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Here, 'is found to be' or 'exists'.

सतः (sataḥ) - referring to that which is truly real and always exists (of the existent, of reality, of being)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter/masculine, singular of sat

sat - existent, real, true; being

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)