योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-22, verse-28

जीवो जगत्तयात्मानं पश्यत्ययमकारणम् ।
हेमेव कटकादित्वं तदपश्यन्न पश्यति ॥ २८ ॥

jīvo jagattayātmānaṃ paśyatyayamakāraṇam ,
hemeva kaṭakāditvaṃ tadapaśyanna paśyati 28

28. jīvaḥ jagat tayā ātmānam paśyati ayam akāraṇam
hema iva kaṭakāditvam tat apaśyan na paśyati

28. ayam jīvaḥ akāraṇam jagat-tayā ātmānam paśyati,
hema kaṭakāditvam iva.
tat apaśyan na paśyati.

28. The individual soul (jīva) causelessly perceives itself as the universe (jagat), just as gold (hema) perceives itself as bangles and other ornaments. Not perceiving that truth, it fails to perceive reality.

Words meanings summery:

• जीवः (jīvaḥ) - individual soul, living being, life principle

• जगत् (jagat) - the universe, the world, existence

• तया (tayā) - in the form of the universe (by that, by means of that, as that)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul, spirit, essence

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, observes, perceives

• अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

• अकारणम् (akāraṇam) - causeless, without cause, unjustified

• हेम (hema) - gold

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as, in a manner

• कटकादित्वम् (kaṭakāditvam) - the state of being bangles etc.

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing, not perceiving, unseeing

• न (na) - not, no

• पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, observes, perceives

Words meanings and morphology

जीवः (jīvaḥ) - individual soul, living being, life principle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jīva

jīva - individual soul, living being, life, spirit

Derived from root jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

जगत् (jagat) - the universe, the world, existence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, existence, moving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root gam (to go, move) then nominalized.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here adverbially as part of 'jagattayā'.

तया (tayā) - in the form of the universe (by that, by means of that, as that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here as a suffix to 'jagat' forming 'jagattayā' meaning 'in the nature/state of the world/universe'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, soul, spirit, essence

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, breath

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, observes, perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of paś

The root 'dṛś' takes the form 'paś' in the present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (near speaker)

अकारणम् (akāraṇam) - causeless, without cause, unjustified

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akāraṇa

akāraṇa - without cause, causeless, reasonless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāraṇa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can also be used adverbially, or accusative singular neuter.

हेम (hema) - gold

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of heman

heman - gold

इव (iva) - as if, like, as, in a manner

(indeclinable)

कटकादित्वम् (kaṭakāditvam) - the state of being bangles etc.

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaṭakāditva

kaṭakāditva - the state of being bangles etc.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaṭaka+ādi+tva)

• kaṭaka – bangle, bracelet, ring
  noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
  indeclinable
• tva – state, condition, -ness, -hood
  suffix (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns.

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing, not perceiving, unseeing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unseeing

Present Active Participle

Negative particle 'a' + present active participle of root dṛś (paś).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• paśyat – seeing, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of root dṛś (paś).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पश्यति (paśyati) - sees, observes, perceives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of paś

The root 'dṛś' takes the form 'paś' in the present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)