योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-184, verse-20

यतो वाचो निवर्तन्ते न निवर्तन्त एव वा ।
विधयः प्रतिषेधाश्च भावाभावदृशस्तथा ॥ २० ॥

yato vāco nivartante na nivartanta eva vā ,
vidhayaḥ pratiṣedhāśca bhāvābhāvadṛśastathā 20

20. yataḥ vācaḥ nivartante na nivartante eva vā
vidhayaḥ pratiṣedhāḥ ca bhāva-abhāva-dṛśaḥ tathā

20. yataḥ vācaḥ vidhayaḥ pratiṣedhāḥ ca bhāva-abhāva-dṛśaḥ
tathā nivartante na nivartante eva vā

20. That from which words recoil without grasping it, and similarly, from which injunctions, prohibitions, and the dualistic perceptions of existence and non-existence also recoil – or rather, perhaps they do not recoil at all, being utterly transcended.

Words meanings summery:

• यतः (yataḥ) - from which, whence, because

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speech

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - turn back without grasping or being applicable. (they return, they turn back, they cease)

• न (na) - not, no

• निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - turn back without grasping or being applicable. (they return, they turn back, they cease)

• एव (eva) - indeed, truly, only, certainly

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - injunctions, rules, prescriptions

• प्रतिषेधाः (pratiṣedhāḥ) - prohibitions, restrictions

• च (ca) - and, also

• भाव-अभाव-दृशः (bhāva-abhāva-dṛśaḥ) - views/perceptions of existence and non-existence

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

Words meanings and morphology

यतः (yataḥ) - from which, whence, because

(indeclinable)

Relative pronoun.

Note: Adverbial use of ablative singular of 'tad'.

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speech

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, language

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be genitive singular. Context suggests nominative plural.

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - turn back without grasping or being applicable. (they return, they turn back, they cease)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense, Middle Voice

Third person plural, middle voice, present indicative. Prefixed with 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

निवर्तन्ते (nivartante) - turn back without grasping or being applicable. (they return, they turn back, they cease)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense, Middle Voice

Third person plural, middle voice, present indicative. Prefixed with 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

एव (eva) - indeed, truly, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

particle for emphasis

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

विधयः (vidhayaḥ) - injunctions, rules, prescriptions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, method, destiny, creation

From vi-dhā (to arrange, ordain).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

प्रतिषेधाः (pratiṣedhāḥ) - prohibitions, restrictions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratiṣedha

pratiṣedha - prohibition, obstruction, rejection, refusal

From prati-sidh (to ward off, prohibit).

Prefix: prati

Root: sidh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भाव-अभाव-दृशः (bhāva-abhāva-dṛśaḥ) - views/perceptions of existence and non-existence

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhāva-abhāva-dṛś

bhāva-abhāva-dṛś - the perception or view of existence and non-existence, dualistic views

Dvandva compound of bhāva and abhāva, followed by dṛś (view/perception).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāva+abhāva+dṛś)

• bhāva – existence, being, state, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• abhāva – non-existence, absence, annihilation
  noun (masculine)
  Negation of bhāva (a- + bhāva).
  Prefix: a
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• dṛś – seeing, viewing, eye, vision, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

particle.

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