योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-25

येनाब्देन शरद्विधावपि शिखी संतर्पितो वारिभिर्नो वर्षास्वपि पूरयेद्यदि सरस्तद्वाललोकोचितम् ।
आरब्धं समवेक्ष्य सज्जनजनो हासेन दुःस्थो भवेद्बर्हीत्यात्मतृषैव नेतुमखिलं कालं समभ्युद्यतः ॥ २५ ॥

yenābdena śaradvidhāvapi śikhī saṃtarpito vāribhirno varṣāsvapi pūrayedyadi sarastadvālalokocitam ,
ārabdhaṃ samavekṣya sajjanajano hāsena duḥstho bhavedbarhītyātmatṛṣaiva netumakhilaṃ kālaṃ samabhyudyataḥ 25

25. yena abdena śaradvidhau api śikhī santarpitaḥ vāribhiḥ na
u varṣāsu api pūrayet yadi saraḥ tat bālaloka-ucitam
ārabdham samavekṣya sajjanajanaḥ hāsena duḥsthaḥ bhavet
barhī iti ātmatṛṣā eva netum akhilam kālam samabhyudyataḥ

25. yena abdena śaradvidhau api śikhī vāribhiḥ santarpitaḥ,
(saḥ) yadi varṣāsu api saraḥ na pūrayet,
tat bālaloka-ucitam (bhavet).
sajjanajanaḥ ārabdham samavekṣya hāsena duḥsthaḥ bhavet,
(yad) barhī iti ātmatṛṣā eva akhilam kālam netum samabhyudyataḥ.

25. If a peacock, which was satisfied with waters even in the autumn season (when water is scarce), fails to fill a lake even in the rainy season (when water is abundant), such an action is fit for childish people. A noble person, upon observing such an undertaking, would become sorrowful while laughing (at the absurdity), realizing that the peacock is intent on spending all its time merely to satisfy its own thirst (ātmatṛṣ), uttering its characteristic 'barhī' call.

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - in which (year) (by which, by whom)

• अब्देन (abdena) - by the year, in the year

• शरद्विधौ (śaradvidhau) - in the autumn (season), in the autumn moon

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the condition: even in autumn) (also, even, too)

• शिखी (śikhī) - peacock (one with a crest/tuft)

• सन्तर्पितः (santarpitaḥ) - satisfied (with water) (satisfied, gratified, satiated)

• वारिभिः (vāribhiḥ) - by waters, with waters

• न (na) - not, no

• उ (u) - indeed, certainly, then

• वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - even in the rainy season (when rain is abundant) (in the rainy seasons, in the rains)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing: even in the rainy season) (also, even, too)

• पूरयेत् (pūrayet) - (that peacock) would fill (the lake) (would fill, should fill)

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• सरः (saraḥ) - lake, pond

• तत् (tat) - that (behavior/undertaking) (that, it)

• बाललोक-उचितम् (bālaloka-ucitam) - suitable for childish people, fit for ignorant folk

• आरब्धम् (ārabdham) - such an undertaking (referring to the peacock's behavior) (that which has been begun, undertaking)

• समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having observed, having seen fully

• सज्जनजनः (sajjanajanaḥ) - good person, noble person

• हासेन (hāsena) - by laughter, with laughter

• दुःस्थः (duḥsthaḥ) - sorrowful, pained (distressed, miserable, in a bad state)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would become (would be, should be, may be, become)

• बर्ही (barhī) - the sound 'barhī' (peacock, 'barhī' (peacock's cry))

• इति (iti) - (introducing the sound 'barhī') (thus, so saying, that)

• आत्मतृषा (ātmatṛṣā) - merely for its own thirst (by one's own thirst)

• एव (eva) - merely, only (only, just, indeed)

• नेतुम् (netum) - to spend (all time) (to lead, to carry, to spend (time))

• अखिलम् (akhilam) - all (time) (all, entire, complete)

• कालम् (kālam) - time, season

• समभ्युद्यतः (samabhyudyataḥ) - intent on undertaking, ready to spend (well-prepared, fully active, ready to undertake, engaged)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - in which (year) (by which, by whom)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

अब्देन (abdena) - by the year, in the year

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abda

abda - year, cloud

Note: 'abdena' can imply 'in the year' contextually.

शरद्विधौ (śaradvidhau) - in the autumn (season), in the autumn moon

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śaradvidhi

śaradvidhi - autumnal moon; autumn season

Compound: śarad (autumn) + vidhi (rule/manner/moon)

Note: Refers to the autumn season, often associated with clear skies and less water.

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the condition: even in autumn) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

शिखी (śikhī) - peacock (one with a crest/tuft)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhin

śikhin - peacock, crested, flame

Note: Subject of the first clause.

सन्तर्पितः (santarpitaḥ) - satisfied (with water) (satisfied, gratified, satiated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of santarpita

santarpita - satisfied, gratified

Past Passive Participle

From root tṛp (to satisfy) with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śikhī'.

वारिभिः (vāribhiḥ) - by waters, with waters

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vāri

vāri - water

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates negation for 'pūrayet'.

उ (u) - indeed, certainly, then

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or expletive particle

Note: Part of `no` (na + u).

वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - even in the rainy season (when rain is abundant) (in the rainy seasons, in the rains)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of varṣā

varṣā - rain, rainy season, year

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing: even in the rainy season) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

पूरयेत् (pūrayet) - (that peacock) would fill (the lake) (would fill, should fill)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of pūray

Causative, Optative Mood

From root pṛ (to fill), causative stem pūray

Root: pṛ (class 3)

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

सरः (saraḥ) - lake, pond

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool

Note: Object of 'pūrayet'.

तत् (tat) - that (behavior/undertaking) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the preceding conditional action.

बाललोक-उचितम् (bālaloka-ucitam) - suitable for childish people, fit for ignorant folk

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bālaloka-ucita

bālaloka-ucita - suitable for childish people

Tatpurusha compound: bālaloka (childish people) + ucita (suitable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (bālaloka+ucita)

• bālaloka – childish people, ignorant people
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: bāla (child) + loka (people)
• ucita – suitable, proper, fit
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root uc (to be suitable)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: uc (class 6)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tat'.

आरब्धम् (ārabdham) - such an undertaking (referring to the peacock's behavior) (that which has been begun, undertaking)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārabdha

ārabdha - begun, undertaken, started

Past Passive Participle

From root rabh (to take, grasp) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samavekṣya'.

समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having observed, having seen fully

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam + ava

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

सज्जनजनः (sajjanajanaḥ) - good person, noble person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sajjanajana

sajjanajana - good person, noble person

Compound: sat (good) + jana (person)

Note: Subject of the second main clause.

हासेन (hāsena) - by laughter, with laughter

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hāsa

hāsa - laughter, mirth, derision

Note: Describes the manner or cause of distress.

दुःस्थः (duḥsthaḥ) - sorrowful, pained (distressed, miserable, in a bad state)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥstha

duḥstha - distressed, miserable, in a bad state

Compound: dus (bad, difficult) + stha (standing, being)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'sajjanajanaḥ'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - would become (would be, should be, may be, become)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood

Root: bhū (class 1)

बर्ही (barhī) - the sound 'barhī' (peacock, 'barhī' (peacock's cry))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of barhin

barhin - peacock, one having a tail (barha)

Can also be used as an onomatopoeia for peacock's cry.

Note: It's the sound a peacock makes, referred to by 'iti'.

इति (iti) - (introducing the sound 'barhī') (thus, so saying, that)

(indeclinable)

आत्मतृषा (ātmatṛṣā) - merely for its own thirst (by one's own thirst)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ātmatṛṣ

ātmatṛṣ - one's own thirst

Compound: ātman (self) + tṛṣ (thirst)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+tṛṣ)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)
• tṛṣ – thirst, desire
  noun (feminine)
  From root tṛṣ (to thirst)
  Root: tṛṣ (class 4)

एव (eva) - merely, only (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

नेतुम् (netum) - to spend (all time) (to lead, to carry, to spend (time))

(verb)

active, infinitive of nī

Infinitive

From root nī (to lead)

Root: nī (class 1)

अखिलम् (akhilam) - all (time) (all, entire, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akhila

akhila - all, entire, complete, whole

Compound: a (not) + khila (gap, waste land); hence, without gaps, complete.

Note: Qualifies 'kālam'.

कालम् (kālam) - time, season

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

Note: Object of 'netum'.

समभ्युद्यतः (samabhyudyataḥ) - intent on undertaking, ready to spend (well-prepared, fully active, ready to undertake, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samabhyudyata

samabhyudyata - well-prepared, fully active, ready to undertake, engaged

Past Passive Participle (derived)

From root yam (to restrain, support) with prefixes sam + abhi + ut

Prefixes: sam+abhi+ut

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied subject (the peacock).