योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-118, verse-2

बक हंस इवाभासि सरःस्थो मद्गुसौहृदम् ।
नृशंसत्वं च वाणीं च त्यक्त्वा हंसो भव स्फुटम् ॥ २ ॥

baka haṃsa ivābhāsi saraḥstho madgusauhṛdam ,
nṛśaṃsatvaṃ ca vāṇīṃ ca tyaktvā haṃso bhava sphuṭam 2

2. baka haṃsa iva ābhāsi saraḥ-sthaḥ madgu-sauhṛdam
nṛśaṃsatvam ca vāṇīm ca tyaktvā haṃsaḥ bhava sphuṭam

2. baka haṃsa iva ābhāsi saraḥ-sthaḥ madgu-sauhṛdam
nṛśaṃsatvam ca vāṇīm ca tyaktvā sphuṭam haṃsaḥ bhava

2. O Heron, you appear like a swan dwelling in the lake, yet you maintain friendship with cormorants. Abandon your cruelty and your (unpleasant) voice, and clearly become a swan!

Words meanings summery:

• बक (baka) - O heron!

• हंस (haṁsa) - swan

• इव (iva) - like, as

• आभासि (ābhāsi) - you appear, you shine, you look like

• सरः-स्थः (saraḥ-sthaḥ) - dwelling in the lake, standing in the pond

• मद्गु-सौहृदम् (madgu-sauhṛdam) - friendship with cormorants

• नृशंसत्वम् (nṛśaṁsatvam) - cruelty, wickedness

• च (ca) - and

• वाणीम् (vāṇīm) - voice, speech

• च (ca) - and

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• हंसः (haṁsaḥ) - a swan

• भव (bhava) - become (you)

• स्फुटम् (sphuṭam) - clearly, truly, distinctly

Words meanings and morphology

बक (baka) - O heron!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of baka

baka - heron, crane, a deceitful person, a cheat

हंस (haṁsa) - swan

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a type of ascetic, the soul (ātman)

Note: Used in comparison: 'like a swan'.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

आभासि (ābhāsi) - you appear, you shine, you look like

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of ābhās

Present tense (laṭ) 2nd person singular form of the root bhās (to shine) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: bhās (class 1)

सरः-स्थः (saraḥ-sthaḥ) - dwelling in the lake, standing in the pond

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saraḥ-stha

saraḥ-stha - standing in a lake/pond, situated in a pond

A tatpurusha compound formed from saras (lake, pond) and stha (standing, situated).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saras+stha)

• saras – lake, pond, water
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated, dwelling in
  adjective
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implicit subject (you, the heron).

मद्गु-सौहृदम् (madgu-sauhṛdam) - friendship with cormorants

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madgu-sauhṛda

madgu-sauhṛda - friendship with cormorants, intimacy with cormorants

A tatpurusha compound meaning 'friendship of cormorants' or 'friendship with cormorants'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (madgu+sauhṛda)

• madgu – cormorant, diver-bird, water-crow
  noun (masculine)
• sauhṛda – friendship, good-heartedness, affection
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from suhṛd (friend).

Note: Implied object of 'having' or 'maintaining'.

नृशंसत्वम् (nṛśaṁsatvam) - cruelty, wickedness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nṛśaṃsatva

nṛśaṁsatva - cruelty, wickedness, inhumanity

Derived from nṛśaṃsa (cruel) with the suffix -tva forming abstract nouns.

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वाणीम् (vāṇīm) - voice, speech

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāṇī

vāṇī - voice, speech, language, Saraswati (goddess)

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable past participle (absolutive) formed from the root tyaj (to abandon, to give up) with suffix -ktvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

हंसः (haṁsaḥ) - a swan

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a type of ascetic, the soul (ātman)

Note: Complement of 'bhava'.

भव (bhava) - become (you)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative mood (loṭ) 2nd person singular form of the root bhū (to be, become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

स्फुटम् (sphuṭam) - clearly, truly, distinctly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphuṭa

sphuṭa - clear, distinct, evident, manifest

Note: Used adverbially to modify 'bhava'.