योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-83, verse-34

विचारेणोपशान्तं त्वमालोकेन तमो यथा ।
एतावन्तं सखे कालं बभूवाल्पविवेकिता ॥ ३४ ॥

vicāreṇopaśāntaṃ tvamālokena tamo yathā ,
etāvantaṃ sakhe kālaṃ babhūvālpavivekitā 34

34. vicāreṇa upaśāntam tvam ālokena tamaḥ yathā |
etāvantam sakhe kālam babhūva alpavivekitā ||

34. tvam vicāreṇa upaśāntam,
yathā tamaḥ ālokena (upaśāntam) sakhe,
etāvantam kālam alpavivekitā babhūva

34. You (the illusory self) are pacified by (spiritual) inquiry (vicāra), just as darkness is dispelled by light. O friend, all this time (your state) was one of little discrimination.

Words meanings summery:

• विचारेण (vicāreṇa) - through (spiritual) inquiry (vicāra) (by inquiry, by discrimination, by thought, by consideration)

• उपशान्तम् (upaśāntam) - pacified, dispelled (calmed, tranquilized, pacified, subsided)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the illusory self) (you)

• आलोकेन (ālokena) - by light (by light, by sight, by vision)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom; ignorance (guna))

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

• एतावन्तम् (etāvantam) - this much (long) (this much, so much (masculine accusative singular))

• सखे (sakhe) - O friend

• कालम् (kālam) - (for) this time (time; in time, for a time)

• बभूव (babhūva) - has been, was (was, has been, became)

• अल्पविवेकिता (alpavivekitā) - little discrimination, lack of wisdom (little discrimination, lack of wisdom, ignorance)

Words meanings and morphology

विचारेण (vicāreṇa) - through (spiritual) inquiry (vicāra) (by inquiry, by discrimination, by thought, by consideration)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - inquiry, investigation, discrimination, reflection, deliberation

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

उपशान्तम् (upaśāntam) - pacified, dispelled (calmed, tranquilized, pacified, subsided)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upaśānta

upaśānta - calmed, tranquilized, pacified, subsided, extinguished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śam (to be calm) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Functions as a predicate for 'tvam' and 'tamaḥ'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the illusory self) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आलोकेन (ālokena) - by light (by light, by sight, by vision)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of āloka

āloka - light, sight, vision, perception

Derived from root lok (to see) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (darkness, gloom; ignorance (guna))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: The 'ḥ' is the visarga, which is 's' in word base.

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, according to)

(indeclinable)

एतावन्तम् (etāvantam) - this much (long) (this much, so much (masculine accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, this much, so far, thus far, to this extent

सखे (sakhe) - O friend

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sakhi

sakhi - friend, companion

Note: Used as an address.

कालम् (kālam) - (for) this time (time; in time, for a time)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

Note: Indicates duration of time.

बभूव (babhūva) - has been, was (was, has been, became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Active

3rd person, singular, perfect, Parasmaipada (reduplicated form)

Root: bhū (class 1)

अल्पविवेकिता (alpavivekitā) - little discrimination, lack of wisdom (little discrimination, lack of wisdom, ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of alpavivekitā

alpavivekitā - little discrimination, lack of wisdom, ignorance

Compound of 'alpa' (little) and 'vivekitā' (discrimination, wisdom).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (alpa+vivekitā)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• vivekitā – discrimination, wisdom, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from 'vivekin' (discriminating) + 'tā' (feminine abstract suffix).
  Prefix: vi

Note: Subject of 'babhūva'.