योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-27, verse-31

वासनातन्तुबद्धो यो लोको विपरिवर्तते ।
सा प्रवृद्धातिदुःखाय सुखायोच्छेदमागता ॥ ३१ ॥

vāsanātantubaddho yo loko viparivartate ,
sā pravṛddhātiduḥkhāya sukhāyocchedamāgatā 31

31. vāsanā-tantu-baddhaḥ yaḥ lokaḥ viparivartate sā
pravṛddhā ati-duḥkhāya sukhāya ucchedam āgatā

31. yaḥ vāsanā-tantu-baddhaḥ lokaḥ viparivartate,
sā pravṛddhā ati-duḥkhāya ucchedam āgatā sukhāya

31. A being, who is bound by the threads of latent impressions (vāsanā), continuously revolves (in the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra)). When that (vāsanā) grows, it leads to immense sorrow, but when it reaches its cessation, it leads to happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• वासना-तन्तु-बद्धः (vāsanā-tantu-baddhaḥ) - bound by the threads of latent impressions (vāsanā) (bound by threads of latent impressions)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - a being (world, people, being, individual)

• विपरिवर्तते (viparivartate) - continuously revolves (in saṃsāra) (revolves, turns around, undergoes transformation)

• सा (sā) - that (vāsanā) (she, that (feminine singular))

• प्रवृद्धा (pravṛddhā) - when grown (referring to vāsanā) (grown, developed, increased)

• अति-दुःखाय (ati-duḥkhāya) - leads to immense sorrow (for great sorrow, for excessive suffering)

• सुखाय (sukhāya) - leads to happiness (for happiness, for joy)

• उच्छेदम् (ucchedam) - its cessation (cutting off, destruction, cessation, extermination)

• आगता (āgatā) - when it reaches (cessation) (come, arrived, obtained, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

वासना-तन्तु-बद्धः (vāsanā-tantu-baddhaḥ) - bound by the threads of latent impressions (vāsanā) (bound by threads of latent impressions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsanā-tantu-baddha

vāsanā-tantu-baddha - bound by threads of latent impressions

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vāsanā+tantu+baddha)

• vāsanā – latent impression, predisposition, habit
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell, to perfume)
  Root: vas (class 1)
• tantu – thread, string, filament
  noun (masculine)
• baddha – bound, tied, fastened, imprisoned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bandh' (to bind)
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'lokaḥ'

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

लोकः (lokaḥ) - a being (world, people, being, individual)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, individual, realm

Root: lok (class 1)

विपरिवर्तते (viparivartate) - continuously revolves (in saṃsāra) (revolves, turns around, undergoes transformation)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of viparivart

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Refers to the cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra)

सा (sā) - that (vāsanā) (she, that (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it, he

Note: Refers back to 'vāsanā'

प्रवृद्धा (pravṛddhā) - when grown (referring to vāsanā) (grown, developed, increased)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛddha

pravṛddha - grown, increased, developed, mature

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛdh' (to grow) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Implies 'when it is grown'

अति-दुःखाय (ati-duḥkhāya) - leads to immense sorrow (for great sorrow, for excessive suffering)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of ati-duḥkha

ati-duḥkha - great sorrow, extreme suffering

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+duḥkha)

• ati – excessive, very, over
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – suffering, sorrow, pain
  noun (neuter)

Note: Expresses purpose or result: 'for sorrow'

सुखाय (sukhāya) - leads to happiness (for happiness, for joy)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, comfort, joy

Note: Expresses purpose or result: 'for happiness'

उच्छेदम् (ucchedam) - its cessation (cutting off, destruction, cessation, extermination)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uccheda

uccheda - cutting off, cessation, destruction, abolition

From root 'chid' (to cut) with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Object of 'āgatā' in the sense of 'having reached'

आगता (āgatā) - when it reaches (cessation) (come, arrived, obtained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implies 'when it has reached' or 'when it has come to'