योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-27, verse-28

विद्यते वासना यत्र तत्र सा याति पीनताम् ।
गुणो गुणिनि हि द्वित्वं सतो दृष्टं हि नासतः ॥ २८ ॥

vidyate vāsanā yatra tatra sā yāti pīnatām ,
guṇo guṇini hi dvitvaṃ sato dṛṣṭaṃ hi nāsataḥ 28

28. vidyate vāsanā yatra tatra sā yāti pīnatām guṇaḥ
guṇini hi dvittvam sataḥ dṛṣṭam hi na asataḥ

28. yatra vāsanā vidyate tatra sā pīnatām yāti hi
guṇaḥ guṇini dvittvam dṛṣṭam hi sataḥ na asataḥ

28. Wherever a latent tendency (vāsanā) exists, there it attains fullness and strength. Indeed, a quality (guṇa) is observed to multiply in one who possesses qualities (guṇin); it is seen to be present in the existent (sat), but not in the non-existent (asat).

Words meanings summery:

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is present, is found)

• वासना (vāsanā) - a latent tendency (vāsanā) (latent tendency, impression, desire)

• यत्र (yatra) - wherever (where, in which place)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• सा (sā) - it (referring to vāsanā) (she, that (feminine))

• याति (yāti) - attains, goes to (goes, attains, proceeds)

• पीनताम् (pīnatām) - fullness and strength (fatness, stoutness, fullness, strength, prosperity)

• गुणः (guṇaḥ) - a quality (guṇa) (quality, attribute, virtue, strand, constituent)

• गुणिनि (guṇini) - in one who possesses qualities (guṇin) (in one possessing qualities, in a qualified person)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• द्वित्त्वम् (dvittvam) - to multiply / twoness (duality, twoness, doubling)

• सतः (sataḥ) - of the existent (sat) (of the existent, of reality, of being)

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - is observed (seen, observed, perceived)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• असतः (asataḥ) - of the non-existent (asat) (of the non-existent, of the unreal)

Words meanings and morphology

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists (exists, is present, is found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person singular, root class 4 (Ātmanepada).

Root: vid (class 4)

वासना (vāsanā) - a latent tendency (vāsanā) (latent tendency, impression, desire)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāsanā

vāsanā - latent impression, subconscious tendency, desire, perfume

From √vas (to dwell, perfume).

Root: vas (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - wherever (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

Locative of ya (which).

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Locative of ta (that).

सा (sā) - it (referring to vāsanā) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

याति (yāti) - attains, goes to (goes, attains, proceeds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular, root class 2.

Root: yā (class 2)

पीनताम् (pīnatām) - fullness and strength (fatness, stoutness, fullness, strength, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pīnatā

pīnatā - fatness, plumpness, stoutness, strength, prosperity, abundance

From pīna (fat, plump) + suffix tā.

गुणः (guṇaḥ) - a quality (guṇa) (quality, attribute, virtue, strand, constituent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, property, constituent (of prakṛti)

गुणिनि (guṇini) - in one who possesses qualities (guṇin) (in one possessing qualities, in a qualified person)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of guṇin

guṇin - possessing qualities, endowed with attributes, virtuous, qualified

From guṇa (quality) + suffix -in.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

द्वित्त्वम् (dvittvam) - to multiply / twoness (duality, twoness, doubling)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvittva

dvittva - twoness, duality, state of being two, doubling

From dvi (two) + suffix ttva.

Note: Functions as the object of dṛṣṭam, implying 'is seen to attain twoness/multiplication'.

सतः (sataḥ) - of the existent (sat) (of the existent, of reality, of being)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good, being, reality (sat)

Present Active Participle

From √as (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to that which is real or existent.

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - is observed (seen, observed, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, apparent

Past Passive Participle

From √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

असतः (asataḥ) - of the non-existent (asat) (of the non-existent, of the unreal)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, untrue, evil, non-being (asat)

Present Active Participle (negative)

From a- (not) + √as (to be).

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix.
• sat – existing, real, true, good, being, reality (sat)
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From √as (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)