योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-2, chapter-17, verse-25

चक्रचीत्कारपूर्णस्य जलराशिमिवोद्यतम् ।
शीर्णपत्रं भ्रष्टनष्टं ग्रीष्मे वनमिवारसम् ॥ २५ ॥

cakracītkārapūrṇasya jalarāśimivodyatam ,
śīrṇapatraṃ bhraṣṭanaṣṭaṃ grīṣme vanamivārasam 25

25. cakracītkārapūrṇasya jalarāśim iva udyatam
śīrṇapatram bhraṣṭanaṣṭam grīṣme vanam iva arasam

25. [jagat] cakracītkārapūrṇasya jalarāśim iva udyatam [bhāti],
grīṣme śīrṇapatram bhraṣṭanaṣṭam arasam vanam iva [ca bhāti]

25. [It appears] like a surging mass of water, filled with the screeching sounds of a wheel (e.g., waterwheel), or like a summer forest whose leaves have withered, fallen, and decayed, utterly devoid of sap or vitality.

Words meanings summery:

• चक्रचीत्कारपूर्णस्य (cakracītkārapūrṇasya) - describing a water-mass as full of the sound of waterwheels or churns (of that which is full of the screeching of wheels)

• जलराशिम् (jalarāśim) - a mass of water, a flood, an ocean

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उद्यतम् (udyatam) - surging (mass of water) (risen, swelled up, prepared, appeared)

• शीर्णपत्रम् (śīrṇapatram) - whose leaves have fallen

• भ्रष्टनष्टम् (bhraṣṭanaṣṭam) - fallen and destroyed, ruined and lost, decaying

• ग्रीष्मे (grīṣme) - in summer, during the summer season

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अरसम् (arasam) - devoid of sap or vitality (for a forest) (without juice, dry, tasteless, dull, devoid of vitality)

Words meanings and morphology

चक्रचीत्कारपूर्णस्य (cakracītkārapūrṇasya) - describing a water-mass as full of the sound of waterwheels or churns (of that which is full of the screeching of wheels)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of cakracītkārapūrṇa

cakracītkārapūrṇa - full of the screeching sound of wheels

Compound of cakra (wheel), cītkāra (screech, cry), and pūrṇa (full)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (cakra+cītkāra+pūrṇa)

• cakra – wheel, discus (weapon)
  noun (neuter)
• cītkāra – screeching, creaking, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Onomatopoeic formation
• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root pṛ (to fill)
  Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with jalarāśim, used as an implicit genitive of possession for the jalarāśi, or as an adjective describing it.

जलराशिम् (jalarāśim) - a mass of water, a flood, an ocean

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jalarāśi

jalarāśi - a mass of water, ocean, sea, flood

Compound of jala (water) and rāśi (heap, mass)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jala+rāśi)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• rāśi – heap, pile, mass, quantity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāś (class 1)

Note: Object of implicit verb / agrees with 'jagat' from previous verse.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

उद्यतम् (udyatam) - surging (mass of water) (risen, swelled up, prepared, appeared)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyata

udyata - raised, lifted, ready, prepared, undertaken, arisen, swollen

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root yam (to sustain, to raise) with upasarga ud

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with jalarāśim

शीर्णपत्रम् (śīrṇapatram) - whose leaves have fallen

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śīrṇapatra

śīrṇapatra - having fallen leaves, whose leaves are withered

Bahuvrīhi compound: śīrṇa (fallen, withered) + patra (leaf)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīrṇa+patra)

• śīrṇa – fallen, withered, decayed, torn
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root śṝ (to tear, break, wither)
  Root: śṝ (class 9)
• patra – leaf, feather, wing
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with vanam

भ्रष्टनष्टम् (bhraṣṭanaṣṭam) - fallen and destroyed, ruined and lost, decaying

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhraṣṭanaṣṭa

bhraṣṭanaṣṭa - fallen and destroyed, perished and lost, ruined

Dvanda compound of bhraṣṭa (fallen) and naṣṭa (destroyed, lost)

Compound type : dvandva (bhraṣṭa+naṣṭa)

• bhraṣṭa – fallen, dropped, decayed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root bhraṃś (to fall, decay)
  Root: bhraṃś (class 1)
• naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, perished
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root naś (to perish, be lost)
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with vanam

ग्रीष्मे (grīṣme) - in summer, during the summer season

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of grīṣma

grīṣma - summer, hot season

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Object of implicit verb / agrees with 'jagat' from previous verse.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अरसम् (arasam) - devoid of sap or vitality (for a forest) (without juice, dry, tasteless, dull, devoid of vitality)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arasa

arasa - without juice/flavor/essence, tasteless, dry, dull, devoid of feeling/vitality

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'rasa' (juice, essence, taste, vitality)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+rasa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• rasa – juice, sap, essence, taste, sentiment, emotion, vitality
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ras (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vanam

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