वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-89, verse-11

पद्मरक्ततलौ हस्तौ सुप्रसन्ने च लोचने ।
एवं न विद्यते रूपं गतासूनां विशां पते ।
मां विषादं कृथा वीर सप्राणो ऽयमरिंदम ॥११॥

11. padmaraktatalau hastau suprasanne ca locane ,
evaṃ na vidyate rūpaṃ gatāsūnāṃ viśāṃ pate ,
māṃ viṣādaṃ kṛthā vīra saprāṇo'yamariṃdama.

11. padmaraktatalau hastau suprasanne
ca locane evam na vidyate rūpam
gatāsūnām viśām pate mām viṣādam
kṛthāḥ vīra saprāṇaḥ ayam arimdam

11. hastau padmaraktatalau,
ca locane suprasanne.
he viśām pate,
evam rūpam gatāsūnām na vidyate.
he vīra,
he arimdam,
mām viṣādam kṛthāḥ,
ayam saprāṇaḥ.

11. His hands have palms red like lotuses, and his eyes are very clear. Such features are not found, O lord of the people, in those whose vital breaths (prāṇa) have departed. O hero, O subduer of enemies, do not cause me grief; this one is still alive.

Words meanings summery:

• पद्मरक्ततलौ (padmaraktatalau) - (whose) palms are red like lotuses (with lotus-red soles/palms)

• हस्तौ (hastau) - (his) two hands (two hands)

• सुप्रसन्ने (suprasanne) - very clear, very tranquil (very clear, very serene)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• लोचने (locane) - (his) two eyes (two eyes)

• एवम् (evam) - such (features) (thus, so, in this manner)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists (exists, is found)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - such features, appearance (form, shape, beauty, appearance)

• गतासूनाम् (gatāsūnām) - of those whose vital breaths (prāṇa) have departed (i.e., the dead) (of those whose lives have departed, of the dead)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of subjects (of people, of subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (addressing Rāma) (O lord, O master)

• माम् (mām) - me (accusative) (me)

• विषादम् (viṣādam) - grief, despondency (dejection, despondency, sorrow)

• कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should make/cause (implied negative for prohibition) (you did, you made, you should do)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero (addressing Rāma) (O hero)

• सप्राणः (saprāṇaḥ) - alive, possessing life (with life, alive, possessing vital breath)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (Lakṣmaṇa) (this, he)

• अरिम्दम् (arimdam) - O subduer of enemies (addressing Rāma) (subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer)

Words meanings and morphology

पद्मरक्ततलौ (padmaraktatalau) - (whose) palms are red like lotuses (with lotus-red soles/palms)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of padmaraktatala

padmaraktatala - having soles (or palms) red like lotuses

Compound: padma (lotus) + rakta (red) + tala (sole/palm).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (padma+rakta+tala)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• rakta – red, dyed, attached
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color, dye), class 1.
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• tala – sole, palm, surface, flat part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'hastau'.

हस्तौ (hastau) - (his) two hands (two hands)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of hasta

hasta - hand

Note: Subject of implied verb 'are'.

सुप्रसन्ने (suprasanne) - very clear, very tranquil (very clear, very serene)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of suprasanna

suprasanna - very clear, very tranquil, very pleased

Past Passive Participle

Compound of su (very, well) + prasanna (clear, serene, from pra+sad).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+prasanna)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• prasanna – clear, bright, tranquil, pleased
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra + sad (to settle down, be clear), class 1.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two phrases.

लोचने (locane) - (his) two eyes (two eyes)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of locana

locana - eye, seeing

From root loc (to see), class 10.

Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'are'.

एवम् (evam) - such (features) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists (exists, is found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Middle

From root vid (to be, exist), class 4.

Root: vid (class 4)

रूपम् (rūpam) - such features, appearance (form, shape, beauty, appearance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, nature

Root: rūp (class 10)

गतासूनाम् (gatāsūnām) - of those whose vital breaths (prāṇa) have departed (i.e., the dead) (of those whose lives have departed, of the dead)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gatāsu

gatāsu - dead, lifeless, whose breath has gone

Bahuvrīhi compound: gata (gone) + asu (breath, life).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed, past
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam (to go), class 1.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital air (prāṇa)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied 'people' or 'beings'.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of subjects (of people, of subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community, clan

Note: Dependent on 'pate'.

पते (pate) - O lord (addressing Rāma) (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler

Note: Vocative addressing Rāma.

माम् (mām) - me (accusative) (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

विषादम् (viṣādam) - grief, despondency (dejection, despondency, sorrow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - dejection, despondency, sorrow, despair

From vi + sad (to sink, despond), class 1.

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kṛthāḥ'.

कृथाः (kṛthāḥ) - you should make/cause (implied negative for prohibition) (you did, you made, you should do)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist Middle

From root kṛ (to do), class 8. Second person singular middle aorist. In conjunction with a negative particle (often 'mā', which is not explicitly present here), it forms a prohibitive command. Given the context, a prohibitive sense ('do not cause') is strongly implied.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वीर (vīra) - O hero (addressing Rāma) (O hero)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty, warrior

Note: Vocative addressing Rāma.

सप्राणः (saprāṇaḥ) - alive, possessing life (with life, alive, possessing vital breath)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saprāṇa

saprāṇa - alive, animate, endowed with life

Compound of sa (with) + prāṇa (life, vital breath).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+prāṇa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• prāṇa – breath, life, vital air (prāṇa)
  noun (masculine)
  From pra + an (to breathe), class 2.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)

अयम् (ayam) - this one (Lakṣmaṇa) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'idam', referring to Lakṣmaṇa.

अरिम्दम् (arimdam) - O subduer of enemies (addressing Rāma) (subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arim-dama

arim-dama - subduer of enemies, enemy-destroyer

Compound of ari (enemy) and dam (to subdue, tame).

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)
• dama – subduing, taming, controlling
  noun (masculine)
  From root dam (to subdue), class 1.
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Vocative addressing Rāma.