वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-68, verse-9

स ददर्श हतानन्दां सीतामिन्द्रजितो रथे ।
एकवेणीधरां दीनामुपवासकृशाननाम् ॥९॥

9. sa dadarśa hatānandāṃ sītāmindrajito rathe ,
ekaveṇīdharāṃ dīnāmupavāsakṛśānanām.

9. saḥ dadarśa hataanandām sītām indrajitaḥ
rathe ekaveṇīdharām dīnām upavāsakṛśānanām

9. saḥ indrajitaḥ rathe hataanandām ekaveṇīdharām
dīnām upavāsakṛśānanām sītām dadarśa

9. He (Hanuman) saw Sita in Indrajit's chariot, her joy lost, wearing a single braid, looking distressed, and with a face emaciated by fasting.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• हतअनन्दाम् (hataanandām) - whose joy is lost, deprived of joy

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

• इन्द्रजितः (indrajitaḥ) - of Indrajit

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• एकवेणीधराम् (ekaveṇīdharām) - wearing a single braid

• दीनाम् (dīnām) - miserable, distressed, sorrowful

• उपवासकृशाननाम् (upavāsakṛśānanām) - with a face emaciated by fasting

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Subject of dadarśa.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

perfect tense (lit)

Reduplicated perfect form of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हतअनन्दाम् (hataanandām) - whose joy is lost, deprived of joy

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hataanandā

hataanandā - having lost her joy

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+ānanda)

• hata – killed, destroyed, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Root han (to strike, kill) + kta (ta)
  Root: han (class 2)
• ānanda – joy, happiness, bliss
  noun (masculine)
  ā + root nand (to rejoice) + a suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nand (class 1)

सीताम् (sītām) - Sita

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sita (daughter of Janaka, wife of Rama)

Note: Object of dadarśa.

इन्द्रजितः (indrajitaḥ) - of Indrajit

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of indrajit

indrajit - Indrajit (son of Ravana, conqueror of Indra)

indra (Indra) + root ji (to conquer) + kvip suffix. Conquered Indra.

Compound type : tatpurusha (indra+jit)

• indra – Indra (chief of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jit – conquering, victor
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root ji
  Root ji (to conquer) + kvip suffix
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Possessive, "Indrajit's chariot".

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Indicates location.

एकवेणीधराम् (ekaveṇīdharām) - wearing a single braid

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ekaveṇīdharā

ekaveṇīdharā - wearing a single braid (sign of sorrow/widowhood)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+veṇī+dhara)

• eka – one, single
  numeral (masculine)
• veṇī – braid of hair, plaited hair
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun from root dhṛ
  Root dhṛ (to bear, hold) + a suffix
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

दीनाम् (dīnām) - miserable, distressed, sorrowful

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dīnā

dīnā - miserable, distressed, sad, wretched

past passive participle

Root dai (to be exhausted, to pine) + kta (na)

Root: dai (class 4)

उपवासकृशाननाम् (upavāsakṛśānanām) - with a face emaciated by fasting

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upavāsakṛśānanā

upavāsakṛśānanā - whose face is emaciated by fasting

Compound type : bahuvrihi (upavāsa+kṛśa+ānanā)

• upavāsa – fasting, abstinence
  noun (masculine)
  upa + root vas (to dwell) - or vas (to fast)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: vas (class 1)
• kṛśa – emaciated, lean, thin
  adjective (masculine)
  From root kṛś (to make thin)
  Root: kṛś (class 6)
• ānanā – face, mouth
  noun (feminine)
  From root an (to breathe)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: an (class 2)