वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-68, verse-12

अब्रवीत्तां तु शोकार्तां निरानन्दां तपस्विनाम् ।
दृष्ट्वा रथे स्तितां सीतां राक्षसेन्द्रसुताश्रिताम् ॥१२॥

12. abravīttāṃ tu śokārtāṃ nirānandāṃ tapasvinām ,
dṛṣṭvā rathe stitāṃ sītāṃ rākṣasendrasutāśritām.

12. abravīt tām tu śokārtām nirānandām tapasvinām
dṛṣṭvā rathe sthitām sītām rākṣasendrasutāśritām

12. saḥ dṛṣṭvā rākṣasendrasutāśritām rathe sthitām sītām,
tām tu śokārtām nirānandām tapasvinām abravīt

12. Having seen Sītā, situated in a chariot and surrounded by the daughters of the Rākṣasa lord, he perceived her as sorrowful, joyless, and like an ascetic (tapasvin).

Words meanings summery:

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Hanumān considered or perceived her condition (he spoke, he said, he declared, he thought, he perceived)

• ताम् (tām) - Sītā (her, that (feminine, accusative singular))

• तु (tu) - emphasis or slight contrast (but, indeed, however, moreover)

• शोकार्ताम् (śokārtām) - Sītā, deeply afflicted by grief due to her captivity (distressed by sorrow, grief-stricken, sorrowful)

• निरानन्दाम् (nirānandām) - Sītā, deprived of all joy in her captivity (joyless, without happiness, unhappy)

• तपस्विनाम् (tapasvinām) - Sītā, observing severe vows and penances due to her distress (of ascetics, undergoing austerities, like an ascetic)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after Hanumān saw Sītā (having seen, after seeing)

• रथे (rathe) - Sītā was situated in a chariot (in the chariot, on the war-car)

• स्थिताम् (sthitām) - Sītā, positioned or seated in the chariot (situated, standing, abiding, seated)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā, the wife of Rāma (Sītā (name of Rāma's wife))

• राक्षसेन्द्रसुताश्रिताम् (rākṣasendrasutāśritām) - Sītā, being guarded and tormented by Rāvaṇa's female attendants/daughters (surrounded by the daughters of the lord of Rākṣasas)

Words meanings and morphology

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Hanumān considered or perceived her condition (he spoke, he said, he declared, he thought, he perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root √brū, a-augment for past tense.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Subject (Hanumān) is implicit from the previous verse.

ताम् (tām) - Sītā (her, that (feminine, accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, her

Note: Refers to Sītā, modified by the following adjectives.

तु (tu) - emphasis or slight contrast (but, indeed, however, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

शोकार्ताम् (śokārtām) - Sītā, deeply afflicted by grief due to her captivity (distressed by sorrow, grief-stricken, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śokārtā

śokārtā - distressed by sorrow, grief-stricken

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (śoka+ārta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ṛ (to go, move) in the sense of 'to affect', or √ṛt (to pain)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

निरानन्दाम् (nirānandām) - Sītā, deprived of all joy in her captivity (joyless, without happiness, unhappy)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nirānandā

nirānandā - joyless, without happiness

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nis+ānanda)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• ānanda – joy, happiness, delight
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

तपस्विनाम् (tapasvinām) - Sītā, observing severe vows and penances due to her distress (of ascetics, undergoing austerities, like an ascetic)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, one performing austerities, pitiable

Derived from tapas (austerity) + vin (possessive suffix).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā, indicating her severe suffering and austerity-like existence.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after Hanumān saw Sītā (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main action of 'abravīt' (regarded/perceived).

रथे (rathe) - Sītā was situated in a chariot (in the chariot, on the war-car)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Locative case, indicating location.

स्थिताम् (sthitām) - Sītā, positioned or seated in the chariot (situated, standing, abiding, seated)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthitā

sthitā - situated, standing, abiding, seated (feminine)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sthā (to stand, be, exist).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā, the wife of Rāma (Sītā (name of Rāma's wife))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (name of Janaka's daughter and Rāma's wife)

Note: Direct object of dṛṣṭvā.

राक्षसेन्द्रसुताश्रिताम् (rākṣasendrasutāśritām) - Sītā, being guarded and tormented by Rāvaṇa's female attendants/daughters (surrounded by the daughters of the lord of Rākṣasas)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rākṣasendrasutāśritā

rākṣasendrasutāśritā - surrounded by the daughters of the lord of Rākṣasas

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (rākṣasendra+sutā+āśrita)

• rākṣasendra – chief of Rākṣasas, lord of Rākṣasas (Rāvaṇa)
  noun (masculine)
• sutā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sū (class 2)
• āśrita – resorted to, dependent on, surrounded by
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √śri (to resort to, serve) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Sītā.