वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-68, verse-13

किं समर्थितमस्येति चिन्तयन् स महाकपिः ।
सह तैर्वानरश्रेष्ठैरभ्यधावत रावणिम् ॥१३॥

13. kiṃ samarthitamasyeti cintayan sa mahākapiḥ ,
saha tairvānaraśreṣṭhairabhyadhāvata rāvaṇim.

13. kim samarthitam asya iti cintayan saḥ mahākapiḥ
saha taiḥ vānarśreṣṭhaiḥ abhyadhāvata rāvaṇim

13. saḥ mahākapiḥ "kim asya samarthitam?" iti cintayan,
taiḥ vānarśreṣṭhaiḥ saha rāvaṇim abhyadhāvata

13. Thinking, 'What has been decided for her (Sītā)?', that great monkey (mahākapi) Hanumān, along with those excellent Vānaras, rushed towards Rāvaṇi (Indrajit).

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - What (decision)? (what?, why?, how?)

• समर्थितम् (samarthitam) - What decision has been made? (decided, concluded, accomplished, supported)

• अस्य (asya) - concerning her (Sītā), or concerning this matter (of him, of her, of this)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of Hanumān's internal thought (thus, so, in this manner)

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - Hanumān was deep in thought about Sītā's fate (thinking, pondering, considering)

• सः (saḥ) - Hanumān (he, that)

• महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - Hanumān, who is the great monkey (great monkey, chief monkey)

• सह (saha) - Hanumān, accompanied by other Vānaras (with, along with, together with)

• तैः (taiḥ) - with those other Vānaras (monkeys) (by them, with them (masculine/neuter instrumental plural))

• वानर्श्रेष्ठैः (vānarśreṣṭhaiḥ) - with the other important Vānara warriors (with the best of monkeys, with the chief Vānaras)

• अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - Hanumān swiftly moved towards Indrajit (he rushed, he ran towards, he attacked)

• रावणिम् (rāvaṇim) - Indrajit, Rāvaṇa's son, whom Hanumān approached (son of Rāvaṇa, Indrajit)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - What (decision)? (what?, why?, how?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?

Note: Part of Hanumān's internal thought.

समर्थितम् (samarthitam) - What decision has been made? (decided, concluded, accomplished, supported)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samarthita

samarthita - decided, concluded, accomplished, supported

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √arth (to ask, to effect) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Predicate of 'kim', forming a passive construction within the question.

अस्य (asya) - concerning her (Sītā), or concerning this matter (of him, of her, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Sītā or her situation, for whom the decision is made.

इति (iti) - marks the end of Hanumān's internal thought (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Quotative particle.

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - Hanumān was deep in thought about Sītā's fate (thinking, pondering, considering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, pondering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √cit (to perceive, know) in the 10th class cintay (to think).

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Describes the ongoing action of the subject Hanumān.

सः (saḥ) - Hanumān (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'abhyadhāvata'.

महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - Hanumān, who is the great monkey (great monkey, chief monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākapi

mahākapi - great monkey, chief monkey

Compound type : Karmahāraka (mahat+kapi)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to 'saḥ'.

सह (saha) - Hanumān, accompanied by other Vānaras (with, along with, together with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition.

तैः (taiḥ) - with those other Vānaras (monkeys) (by them, with them (masculine/neuter instrumental plural))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Vānaras, governed by 'saha'.

वानर्श्रेष्ठैः (vānarśreṣṭhaiḥ) - with the other important Vānara warriors (with the best of monkeys, with the chief Vānaras)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānarśreṣṭha

vānarśreṣṭha - best of monkeys, chief Vānara

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vānara+śreṣṭha)

• vānara – monkey, Vānara (a race of forest-dwellers)
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief
  adjective
  Root: śrī

Note: Governed by 'saha', indicating accompaniment.

अभ्यधावत (abhyadhāvata) - Hanumān swiftly moved towards Indrajit (he rushed, he ran towards, he attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice (or middle voice)

Derived from root √dhāv (to run) with prefixes abhi- and ā-. Imperfect tense, ātmanepada form used with a parasmaipada meaning (common in epics).

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

रावणिम् (rāvaṇim) - Indrajit, Rāvaṇa's son, whom Hanumān approached (son of Rāvaṇa, Indrajit)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇi

rāvaṇi - son of Rāvaṇa, Indrajit

Patronymic from Rāvaṇa.

Note: Direct object of 'abhyadhāvata'.