वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-52, verse-23

ततो गत्वा वयं युद्धं दास्यामस्तस्य यत्नतः ।
जेष्यामो यदि ते शत्रून्नोपायैः कृत्यमस्ति नः ॥२३॥

23. tato gatvā vayaṃ yuddhaṃ dāsyāmastasya yatnataḥ ,
jeṣyāmo yadi te śatrūnnopāyaiḥ kṛtyamasti naḥ.

23. tataḥ gatvā vayam yuddham dāsyāmaḥ tasya yatnataḥ
jeṣyāmaḥ yadi te śatrūn na upāyaiḥ kṛtyam asti naḥ

23. tataḥ vayam gatvā tasya yuddham yatnataḥ dāsyāmaḥ
yadi te śatrūn jeṣyāmaḥ naḥ upāyaiḥ kṛtyam na asti

23. Then, having gone (there), we shall diligently engage him in battle. If we conquer your enemies, then we will have no need for any (other) methods.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that, therefore)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone (there) (having gone, after going)

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, war, fight)

• दास्यामः (dāsyāmaḥ) - we shall engage (in battle) (we shall give, we shall bestow, we shall engage)

• तस्य (tasya) - him (Rāma) - dative sense (of him, to him, his)

• यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - diligently (with effort, diligently, carefully)

• जेष्यामः (jeṣyāmaḥ) - we shall conquer (we shall conquer, we shall win)

• यदि (yadi) - if

• ते (te) - your (Rāvaṇa's) (your, to you, by you)

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - by means (other than direct battle) (by means, by methods, by expedients)

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - need, purpose (that which is to be done, duty, purpose, need)

• अस्ति (asti) - is (exists) (is, exists)

• नः (naḥ) - for us (for us, to us, our)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone (there) (having gone, after going)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: This is a non-finite verb form.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, war, fight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (derived from √yudh, then nominalized)

From √yudh (to fight) + ta suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of dāsyāmaḥ.

दास्यामः (dāsyāmaḥ) - we shall engage (in battle) (we shall give, we shall bestow, we shall engage)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of dā

Future, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

1st plural future indicative.

Root: dā (class 3)

तस्य (tasya) - him (Rāma) - dative sense (of him, to him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive/Dative singular masculine.

Note: Often with verbs of 'giving' or 'engaging' the genitive can have a dative sense.

यत्नतः (yatnataḥ) - diligently (with effort, diligently, carefully)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from yatna with suffix -tas.

Root: yat (class 1)

जेष्यामः (jeṣyāmaḥ) - we shall conquer (we shall conquer, we shall win)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of ji

Future, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

1st plural future indicative.

Root: ji (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

ते (te) - your (Rāvaṇa's) (your, to you, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you (singular/plural)

Enclitic form of yusmad, dative/genitive singular.

Note: Possessive form.

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

Note: Object of jeṣyāmaḥ.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the existence of kṛtyam.

उपायैः (upāyaiḥ) - by means (other than direct battle) (by means, by methods, by expedients)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upāya

upāya - means, method, expedient, approach

From upa (towards) + √i (to go)

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Used to express 'by means of'.

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - need, purpose (that which is to be done, duty, purpose, need)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, need, purpose

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From √kṛ (to do) + tya suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Acts as the subject of asti.

अस्ति (asti) - is (exists) (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present, Active Voice, Parasmaipada

3rd singular present indicative.

Root: as (class 2)

नः (naḥ) - for us (for us, to us, our)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Enclitic form of asmad, dative/genitive plural.

Note: Expresses possession or benefit ('for us').

Previous Verse Next Verse