वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-52, verse-17

हीनार्थस्तु समृद्धार्थं को रिपुं प्राकृतो यथा ।
निश्चितं जीवितत्यागे वशमानेतुमिच्छति ॥१७॥

17. hīnārthastu samṛddhārthaṃ ko ripuṃ prākṛto yathā ,
niścitaṃ jīvitatyāge vaśamānetumicchati.

17. hīnārthaḥ tu samṛddhārtham kaḥ ripum prākṛtaḥ
yathā | niścitam jīvitatyāge vaśam ānetum icchati

17. kaḥ prākṛtaḥ hīnārthaḥ tu niścitam jīvitatyāge
samṛddhārtham ripum vaśam ānetum icchati yathā

17. How would an ordinary person, lacking resources, indeed wish to bring under control an enemy rich in resources, especially by sacrificing his own life?

Words meanings summery:

• हीनार्थः (hīnārthaḥ) - one with meager resources, poor

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• समृद्धार्थम् (samṛddhārtham) - one with abundant resources, rich

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what (interrogative pronoun)

• रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy

• प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary, common person

• यथा (yathā) - how, in what manner, as

• निश्चितम् (niścitam) - certainly, surely, indeed

• जीवितत्यागे (jīvitatyāge) - in the abandonment of life, by risking one's life

• वशम् (vaśam) - under control, power

• आनेतुम् (ānetum) - to bring, to lead to

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

Words meanings and morphology

हीनार्थः (hīnārthaḥ) - one with meager resources, poor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīnārtha

hīnārtha - one with meager resources, poor, unfortunate

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hīna+artha)

• hīna – deficient, lacking, abandoned
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: hā (class 3)
• artha – wealth, resource, purpose
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

समृद्धार्थम् (samṛddhārtham) - one with abundant resources, rich

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samṛddhārtha

samṛddhārtha - one with abundant resources, wealthy, prosperous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samṛddha+artha)

• samṛddha – prosperous, abundant, wealthy
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ṛdh (class 4)
• artha – wealth, resource, purpose
  noun (masculine)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what (interrogative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

रिपुम् (ripum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe

प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary, common person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prākṛta

prākṛta - natural, ordinary, common, vulgar

यथा (yathā) - how, in what manner, as

(indeclinable)

निश्चितम् (niścitam) - certainly, surely, indeed

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Used adverbially.

जीवितत्यागे (jīvitatyāge) - in the abandonment of life, by risking one's life

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jīvitatyāga

jīvitatyāga - abandonment of life, self-sacrifice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīvita+tyāga)

• jīvita – life, living
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• tyāga – abandonment, sacrifice, relinquishment
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

वशम् (vaśam) - under control, power

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, authority

आनेतुम् (ānetum) - to bring, to lead to

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of ānī

infinitive

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

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