वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-52, verse-12

येन पूर्वं जनस्थाने बहवो ऽतिबला हताः ।
राक्षसा राघवं तं त्वं कथमेको जयिष्यसि ॥१२॥

12. yena pūrvaṃ janasthāne bahavo'tibalā hatāḥ ,
rākṣasā rāghavaṃ taṃ tvaṃ kathameko jayiṣyasi.

12. yena pūrvam janasthāne bahavaḥ atibalāḥ hatāḥ
rākṣasāḥ rāghavam tam tvam katham ekaḥ jayiṣyasi

12. yena pūrvam janasthāne bahavaḥ atibalāḥ rākṣasāḥ hatāḥ,
tam rāghavam tvam ekaḥ katham jayiṣyasi?

12. How will you alone conquer that Rāghava, by whom many exceedingly powerful rākṣasas were killed previously in Janasthana?

Words meanings summery:

• येन (yena) - by whom (referring to Rāma) (by whom, by which)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (formerly, previously, before)

• जनस्थाने (janasthāne) - in Janasthana (in Janasthana (a specific region/place))

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• अतिबलाः (atibalāḥ) - exceedingly powerful (very strong, exceedingly powerful)

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed (killed, struck, destroyed)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas (rākṣasas (demons))

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāghava (Rāma) (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma))

• तम् (tam) - that (Rāghava) (him, that)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the interlocutor) (you)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how?, in what manner?)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, single, alone)

• जयिष्यसि (jayiṣyasi) - will you conquer (you will conquer, you will win)

Words meanings and morphology

येन (yena) - by whom (referring to Rāma) (by whom, by which)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Agent of hatāḥ.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (formerly, previously, before)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of pūrva, used adverbially.

Note: Adverb.

जनस्थाने (janasthāne) - in Janasthana (in Janasthana (a specific region/place))

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of janasthāna

janasthāna - Janasthana (a specific place, region of the Dandaka forest)

Compound of jana (people) and sthāna (place).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+sthāna)

• jana – person, people, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sthāna – place, stand, position, abode
  noun (neuter)
  Root sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Locative of janasthāna.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Note: Modifies rākṣasāḥ.

अतिबलाः (atibalāḥ) - exceedingly powerful (very strong, exceedingly powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atibala

atibala - very strong, exceedingly powerful, having great strength

Compound of ati (exceedingly) and bala (strength).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+bala)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies rākṣasāḥ.

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed (killed, struck, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

past passive participle

Root han (to strike, to kill) + kta suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Past Passive Participle, referring to rākṣasāḥ.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - rākṣasas (rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - rākṣasa, demon, evil spirit

From rakṣas (harm).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause (implied verb 'were').

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāghava (Rāma) (Rāghava (descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu (epithet of Rāma)

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Object of jayiṣyasi.

तम् (tam) - that (Rāghava) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, referring to rāghavam.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the interlocutor) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of jayiṣyasi.

कथम् (katham) - how (how?, in what manner?)

(indeclinable)

Derived from kim (what) + thaM suffix.

Note: Interrogative adverb modifying jayiṣyasi.

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, single, alone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Modifies tvam.

जयिष्यसि (jayiṣyasi) - will you conquer (you will conquer, you will win)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of ji

future

Root ji (1st class, Parasmaipada) with future stem jayiṣya-.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Question form with katham.