वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-62, verse-2

स प्रणम्य च सुग्रीवं राघवौ च महाबलौ ।
वानरैः सहितैः शूरैर्दिवमेवोत्पपात ह ॥२॥

2. sa praṇamya ca sugrīvaṃ rāghavau ca mahābalau ,
vānaraiḥ sahitaiḥ śūrairdivamevotpapāta ha.

2. sa praṇamya ca sugrīvam rāghavau ca mahābalau
vānaraiḥ sahitaiḥ śūraiḥ divam eva utpapāta ha

2. sa sugrīvam ca mahābalau rāghavau ca śūraiḥ
sahitaiḥ vānaraiḥ praṇamya divam eva utpapāta ha

2. Having bowed down to Sugrīva and to the two mighty Rāghavas, he then ascended directly into the sky, accompanied by brave monkeys.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugrīva

• राघवौ (rāghavau) - to the two Rāghavas (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two mighty ones, two very powerful ones

• वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys, with monkeys

• सहितैः (sahitaiḥ) - accompanied by, together with

• शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave ones, with heroes

• दिवम् (divam) - to the sky, heaven

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, straight

• उत्पपात (utpapāta) - flew up, sprung up, soared

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: masculine nominative singular form of tad

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from pra + nam with -ya suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: absolutive/gerund of pra-nam

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - to Sugrīva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)

Note: accusative singular of Sugrīva

राघवौ (rāghavau) - to the two Rāghavas (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; an epithet for Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

derived from Raghu

Note: accusative dual of rāghava

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two mighty ones, two very powerful ones

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: accusative dual agreeing with rāghavau

वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys, with monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

Note: instrumental plural

सहितैः (sahitaiḥ) - accompanied by, together with

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together with

Past Passive Participle

from sa- + hita (root dhā)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: instrumental plural, agreeing with vānaraiḥ

शूरैः (śūraiḥ) - by brave ones, with heroes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, valiant

Note: instrumental plural, agreeing with vānaraiḥ

दिवम् (divam) - to the sky, heaven

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - sky, heaven, day

Note: accusative singular indicating destination

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, straight

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic particle

उत्पपात (utpapāta) - flew up, sprung up, soared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of utpat

Prefix: ut

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular perfect active of ut-pat

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: emphatic particle, often indicates a past event or narrative flow

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