वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-54, verse-31

सा तु शोकपरीताङ्गी मैथिली जनकात्मजा ।
राक्षसी वशमापन्ना व्याघ्रीणां हरिणी यथा ॥३१॥

31. sā tu śokaparītāṅgī maithilī janakātmajā ,
rākṣasī vaśamāpannā vyāghrīṇāṃ hariṇī yathā.

31. sā tu śokaparītāṅgī maithilī janakātmajā |
rākṣasī vaśam āpannā vyāghrīṇām hariṇī yathā

31. tu sā maithilī janakātmajā śokaparītāṅgī rākṣasī-vaśam āpannā,
vyāghrīṇām hariṇī yathā

31. But that Maithili, daughter of Janaka, with a body consumed by sorrow, having fallen into a demoness's power, was like a doe among tigresses.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - referring to Maithili (Sita) (she, that (feminine))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

• शोकपरीताङ्गी (śokaparītāṅgī) - whose body is enveloped in sorrow, with a body consumed by grief

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Maithili (Sita)

• जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - Sita (daughter of Janaka)

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - of a demoness (as possessor of power) (demoness)

• वशम् (vaśam) - into the power, into the control

• आपन्ना (āpannā) - having reached, having fallen into

• व्याघ्रीणाम् (vyāghrīṇām) - of tigresses

• हरिणी (hariṇī) - doe, female deer

• यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, just as)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - referring to Maithili (Sita) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Demonstrative pronoun.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or emphasis.

शोकपरीताङ्गी (śokaparītāṅgī) - whose body is enveloped in sorrow, with a body consumed by grief

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokaparītāṅgī

śokaparītāṅgī - having a body enveloped in sorrow

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoka+parīta+aṅga)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• parīta – enveloped, surrounded, overcome
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefix pari-.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• aṅga – body, limb
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Maithilī.

मैथिली (maithilī) - Maithili (Sita)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - princess of Mithila, daughter of Janaka (Sita)

Feminine adjective derived from Mithila.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - Sita (daughter of Janaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka

Compound 'janaka' (Janaka) + 'ātmajā' (daughter). Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (proper name, king of Mithila)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Maithilī.

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - of a demoness (as possessor of power) (demoness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - demoness, female demon

Feminine form of rākṣasa (demon).

वशम् (vaśam) - into the power, into the control

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - power, control, will

Root: vaś (class 2)

आपन्ना (āpannā) - having reached, having fallen into

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - reached, fallen into, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pad (to go, fall) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

व्याघ्रीणाम् (vyāghrīṇām) - of tigresses

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of vyāghrī

vyāghrī - tigress

Feminine form of vyāghra (tiger).

हरिणी (hariṇī) - doe, female deer

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hariṇī

hariṇī - doe, female deer

Feminine form of hariṇa (deer).

Note: Agrees with Maithilī (as simile).

यथा (yathā) - like (as, like, just as)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

Note: Introduces a simile.