वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-54, verse-2

राजा दशरथो नाम धर्मसेतुरिवाचलः ।
सत्यसन्धः परिज्ञातो यस्य पुत्रः स राघवः ॥२॥

2. rājā daśaratho nāma dharmaseturivācalaḥ ,
satyasandhaḥ parijñāto yasya putraḥ sa rāghavaḥ.

2. rājā daśarathaḥ nāma dharmasetuḥ iva acalaḥ
satyasandhaḥ parijñātaḥ yasya putraḥ saḥ rāghavaḥ

2. daśarathaḥ nāma rājā dharmasetuḥ iva acalaḥ
satyasandhaḥ parijñātaḥ yasya putraḥ saḥ rāghavaḥ

2. There was a king named Daśaratha, who was as firm as an unmoving bridge of natural law (dharma). He was well-known and steadfast in his vows, and his son is that Rāghava (Rāma).

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - King (Daśaratha) (king, ruler)

• दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha (proper name))

• नाम (nāma) - named (Daśaratha) (name, by name, indeed)

• धर्मसेतुः (dharmasetuḥ) - a protective embankment of natural law (dharma) (bridge of natural law, bulwark of righteousness)

• इव (iva) - resembling (like, as, as if)

• अचलः (acalaḥ) - unmoving, steady (immovable, steady, mountain)

• सत्यसन्धः (satyasandhaḥ) - firm in truth and pledges (true to his promises/vows, steadfast in truth)

• परिज्ञातः (parijñātaḥ) - widely known (well-known, recognized, understood)

• यस्य (yasya) - belonging to him (Daśaratha) (whose, of whom)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - (Daśaratha's) son (son, child)

• सः (saḥ) - that (well-known) (that, he)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma) (descendant of Raghu, Rāma)

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - King (Daśaratha) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Note: Subject of implied 'asti' (is).

दशरथः (daśarathaḥ) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (father of Rāma)

Note: Appositive to `rājā`.

नाम (nāma) - named (Daśaratha) (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'named'.

धर्मसेतुः (dharmasetuḥ) - a protective embankment of natural law (dharma) (bridge of natural law, bulwark of righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmasetu

dharmasetu - a bridge of natural law, a barrier against injustice, guardian of dharma

Compound: dharma (natural law) + setu (bridge, dam, embankment).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+setu)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ- (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• setu – bridge, dam, embankment, barrier
  noun (masculine)
  From root si- (to bind, tie).
  Root: si (class 5)

Note: Predicate nominative, referring to Daśaratha.

इव (iva) - resembling (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

अचलः (acalaḥ) - unmoving, steady (immovable, steady, mountain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acala

acala - immovable, steady, mountain, firm

Compound: a- (negation) + cala (moving).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+cala)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• cala – moving, trembling, inconstant
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cal- (to move).
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `dharmasetuḥ`.

सत्यसन्धः (satyasandhaḥ) - firm in truth and pledges (true to his promises/vows, steadfast in truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyasandha

satyasandha - true to one's promises, faithful, steadfast in truth

Compound: satya (truth) + sandha (binding, adhering).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+sandha)

• satya – truth, reality, truthful
  noun (neuter)
  From sat (being, existence).
  Root: as (class 2)
• sandha – binding, adherence, union, promise
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-dhā- (to put together, unite, promise).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Daśaratha.

परिज्ञातः (parijñātaḥ) - widely known (well-known, recognized, understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parijñāta

parijñāta - well-known, understood, discovered, recognized

Past Passive Participle

From root jñā- (to know) with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Daśaratha.

यस्य (yasya) - belonging to him (Daśaratha) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun, referring to Daśaratha.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - (Daśaratha's) son (son, child)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Subject of the relative clause.

सः (saḥ) - that (well-known) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun, referring back to `yasya`.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma) (descendant of Raghu, Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rāma

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Predicate nominative, identifying the son.