वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-54, verse-1

सा तथोक्ता तु वैदेही निर्भया शोककर्षिता ।
तृणमन्तरतः कृत्वा रावणं प्रत्यभाषत ॥१॥

1. sā tathoktā tu vaidehī nirbhayā śokakarṣitā ,
tṛṇamantarataḥ kṛtvā rāvaṇaṃ pratyabhāṣata.

1. sā tathā uktā tu vaidehī nirbhayā śokakarṣitā
tṛṇam antarataḥ kṛtvā rāvaṇam prati abhāṣata

1. sā vaidehī śokakarṣitā tu tathā uktā nirbhayā
tṛṇam antarataḥ kṛtvā rāvaṇam prati abhāṣata

1. She, Vaidehī (Sītā), despite being afflicted by sorrow, was fearless. Having been addressed in such a manner, she placed a blade of grass between them and spoke back to Rāvaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - Vaidehī (Sītā) (she)

• तथा (tathā) - in the manner he had spoken (thus, in that manner)

• उक्ता (uktā) - having been spoken to (spoken, addressed)

• तु (tu) - (emphasizing a contrast) (but, indeed, yet)

• वैदेही (vaidehī) - Sītā (princess of Videha, Sītā)

• निर्भया (nirbhayā) - without fear (fearless, intrepid)

• शोककर्षिता (śokakarṣitā) - weakened by grief (afflicted by sorrow, wasted by grief)

• तृणम् (tṛṇam) - a blade of grass (as a symbolic barrier) (grass, a blade of grass)

• अन्तरतः (antarataḥ) - as a barrier between them (from within, in the middle, between)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (the blade of grass) (having made, having done, having placed)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa)

• प्रति (prati) - towards (him) (towards, to, against)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - she spoke (back) (he spoke, she spoke)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - Vaidehī (Sītā) (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'.

तथा (tathā) - in the manner he had spoken (thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

उक्ता (uktā) - having been spoken to (spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac- (to speak), past passive participle. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Feminine nominative singular, qualifying 'sā Vaidehī'.

तु (tu) - (emphasizing a contrast) (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing emphasis or contrast.

वैदेही (vaidehī) - Sītā (princess of Videha, Sītā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - belonging to Videha, princess of Videha (Sītā)

Derived from Videha, referring to the kingdom of Sītā's father Janaka.

Note: Refers to Sītā.

निर्भया (nirbhayā) - without fear (fearless, intrepid)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nirbhaya

nirbhaya - fearless, intrepid, brave

Compound: nir- (without) + bhaya (fear).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+bhaya)

• nir – without, out, away
  indeclinable
• bhaya – fear, dread, terror
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhī- (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'sā Vaidehī'.

शोककर्षिता (śokakarṣitā) - weakened by grief (afflicted by sorrow, wasted by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śokakarṣita

śokakarṣita - afflicted by sorrow, emaciated by grief

Compound: śoka (sorrow) + karṣita (pulled, emaciated).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+karṣita)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc- (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• karṣita – dragged, drawn, emaciated, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛṣ- (to pull, draw).
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sā Vaidehī'.

तृणम् (tṛṇam) - a blade of grass (as a symbolic barrier) (grass, a blade of grass)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tṛṇa

tṛṇa - grass, straw, any blade of grass

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

अन्तरतः (antarataḥ) - as a barrier between them (from within, in the middle, between)

(indeclinable)

Derived from antara (interior, middle) with suffix -tas.

Note: Adverbial usage.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (the blade of grass) (having made, having done, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root kṛ- (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - to Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

Note: Object of `prati` (implied by `pratyabhāṣata`).

प्रति (prati) - towards (him) (towards, to, against)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preverb for `abhāṣata`.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - she spoke (back) (he spoke, she spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada form of the root bhāṣ. The 'a' prefix here is for past tense (laṅ).