वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-54, verse-21

सीताया वचनं श्रुत्वा परुषं रोमहर्षणम् ।
प्रत्युवाच ततः सीतां भयसंदर्शनं वचः ॥२१॥

21. sītāyā vacanaṃ śrutvā paruṣaṃ romaharṣaṇam ,
pratyuvāca tataḥ sītāṃ bhayasaṃdarśanaṃ vacaḥ.

21. Sītāyāḥ vacanam śrutvā paruṣam romaharṣaṇam
pratyuvāca tataḥ Sītām bhayasaṃdarśanam vacaḥ

21. Sītāyāḥ paruṣam romaharṣaṇam vacanam śrutvā
tataḥ Sītām bhayasaṃdarśanam vacaḥ pratyuvāca

21. Having heard Sītā's harsh, hair-raising words, he then replied to Sītā with words that instilled fear.

Words meanings summery:

• सीतायाः (sītāyāḥ) - of Sītā

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, cruel

• रोमहर्षणम् (romaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• सीताम् (sītām) - to Sītā

• भयसंदर्शनम् (bhayasaṁdarśanam) - fear-inducing, showing fear

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

सीतायाः (sītāyāḥ) - of Sītā

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of Sītā

Sītā - Sītā, daughter of Janaka and wife of Rāma

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

From √vac + ana suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From √śru + ktvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - harsh, cruel

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

रोमहर्षणम् (romaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of romaharṣaṇa

romaharṣaṇa - causing the hair to stand on end, thrilling, horrifying

Compound type : tatpurusha (roman+harṣaṇa)

• roman – hair, down
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing joy, thrilling; causing stiffness
  noun (neuter)
  From √hṛṣ + ana suffix
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, spoke back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pratyuvāca

perfect active

Perfect 3rd person singular of √vac with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

सीताम् (sītām) - to Sītā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of Sītā

Sītā - Sītā, daughter of Janaka and wife of Rāma

Note: Object of the verb pratyuvāca.

भयसंदर्शनम् (bhayasaṁdarśanam) - fear-inducing, showing fear

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhayasaṃdarśana

bhayasaṁdarśana - causing fear, showing fear, terrible to behold

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+saṃdarśana)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From √bhī
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• saṃdarśana – seeing, showing, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  From sam + √dṛś + ana suffix
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - speech, word, voice, statement

From √vac + as suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of the verb pratyuvāca.