वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-8

लब्धशब्देन कौसल्ये कुमारेण धनुष्मता ।
कुमारः शब्दवेधीति मया पापमिदं कृतम् ।
तदिदं मे ऽनुसंप्राप्तं देवि दुःखं स्वयं कृतम् ॥८॥

8. labdhaśabdena kausalye kumāreṇa dhanuṣmatā ,
kumāraḥ śabdavedhīti mayā pāpamidaṃ kṛtam ,
tadidaṃ me'nusaṃprāptaṃ devi duḥkhaṃ svayaṃ kṛtam.

8. labdhaśabdena kausalye kumāreṇa
dhanuṣmatā | kumāraḥ śabdavedhī iti mayā
pāpam idaṃ kṛtam | tat idam me
anusaṃprāptam devi duḥkham svayam kṛtam

8. kausalye labdhaśabdena dhanuṣmatā
kumāreṇa kumāraḥ śabdavedhī iti mayā
idaṃ pāpam kṛtam devi tat idam
svayam kṛtam duḥkham me anusaṃprāptam

8. O Kausalyā, this sin was committed by me—the young man (kumāra) who was renowned and an archer—thinking: 'that boy is a sound-piercer (śabdavedhin)'. Therefore, O goddess, this suffering, created by myself, has now come to me.

Words meanings summery:

• लब्धशब्देन (labdhaśabdena) - by the young Dasharatha, who was renowned (by the one who has acquired fame/reputation, by the renowned one)

• कौसल्ये (kausalye) - (addressed to) Kausalyā, Dasharatha's wife and Rama's mother (O Kausalyā)

• कुमारेण (kumāreṇa) - by the young Dasharatha (as he describes his past self) (by the boy, by the young man)

• धनुष्मता (dhanuṣmatā) - by the young Dasharatha, who was an archer (by the one who possesses a bow, by the archer)

• कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - that boy (referring to Śravaṇa Kumāra, the victim) (boy, young man, prince)

• शब्दवेधी (śabdavedhī) - one who shoots by sound (Dasharatha's mistaken thought about Śravaṇa) (sound-piercer, one who can shoot at a target by sound)

• इति (iti) - (introducing direct thought) (thus, so, thinking that)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil deed

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - was committed (done, made, performed)

• तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore)

• इदम् (idam) - this (suffering) (this)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

• अनुसंप्राप्तम् (anusaṁprāptam) - has now come to (me) (arrived, reached, obtained)

• देवि (devi) - O goddess (referring to Kausalyā with respect) (O goddess, O queen)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, sorrow

• स्वयम् (svayam) - (suffering) created by myself (oneself, by oneself, personally)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - created (by myself) (done, made, caused)

Words meanings and morphology

लब्धशब्देन (labdhaśabdena) - by the young Dasharatha, who was renowned (by the one who has acquired fame/reputation, by the renowned one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of labdhaśabda

labdhaśabda - one who has acquired fame, renowned, famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (labdha+śabda)

• labdha – obtained, acquired, gained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √labh (1st, bhvādi) + kta suffix
  Root: labh (class 1)
• śabda – sound, word, fame, reputation
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'kumāreṇa' (referring to Dasharatha in his youth).

कौसल्ये (kausalye) - (addressed to) Kausalyā, Dasharatha's wife and Rama's mother (O Kausalyā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalyā (proper name)

कुमारेण (kumāreṇa) - by the young Dasharatha (as he describes his past self) (by the boy, by the young man)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, prince, son

धनुष्मता (dhanuṣmatā) - by the young Dasharatha, who was an archer (by the one who possesses a bow, by the archer)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanuṣmat

dhanuṣmat - possessing a bow, armed with a bow, an archer

formed with matUP suffix

कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - that boy (referring to Śravaṇa Kumāra, the victim) (boy, young man, prince)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth, prince, son

शब्दवेधी (śabdavedhī) - one who shoots by sound (Dasharatha's mistaken thought about Śravaṇa) (sound-piercer, one who can shoot at a target by sound)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabdavedhin

śabdavedhin - hitting a mark by sound, an archer who shoots by sound

derived from śabda + √vyadh

Compound type : tatpurusha (śabda+vedhin)

• śabda – sound, word
  noun (masculine)
• vedhin – piercing, hitting, one who pierces/hits
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  from √vyadh + ṇin suffix
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Part of direct speech in Dasharatha's thought process.

इति (iti) - (introducing direct thought) (thus, so, thinking that)

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'kṛtam'.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, vice, wickedness

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

कृतम् (kṛtam) - was committed (done, made, performed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

from root √kṛ (8th, tanādi) + kta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - therefore (that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (suffering) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

मे (me) - to me (to me, my)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अनुसंप्राप्तम् (anusaṁprāptam) - has now come to (me) (arrived, reached, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anusaṃprāpta

anusaṁprāpta - attained, reached, acquired, happened

Past Passive Participle

from root √āp (5th, svādi) with prefixes anu and sam; kta suffix

Prefixes: anu+sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

देवि (devi) - O goddess (referring to Kausalyā with respect) (O goddess, O queen)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering, pain, sorrow

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

Note: Subject of 'anusaṃprāptam'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - (suffering) created by myself (oneself, by oneself, personally)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - created (by myself) (done, made, caused)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, created

Past Passive Participle

from root √kṛ (8th, tanādi) + kta suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'duḥkham'.

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