वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-38

इतीव वदतः कृच्छ्राद्बाणाभिहतमर्मणः ।
तस्य त्वानम्यमानस्य तं बाणमहमुद्धरम् ॥३८॥

38. itīva vadataḥ kṛcchrādbāṇābhihatamarmaṇaḥ ,
tasya tvānamyamānasya taṃ bāṇamahamuddharam.

38. iti iva vadataḥ kṛcchrāt bāṇābhihatamarmaṇaḥ
tasya tu ānamyamānasya tam bāṇam aham uddharam

38. aham uddharam tam bāṇam tasya ānamyamānasya
bāṇābhihatamarmaṇaḥ iti iva kṛcchrāt vadataḥ tu

38. As he spoke thus with difficulty, his vital parts struck by an arrow, I pulled out that arrow while he was being bent down.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

• वदतः (vadataḥ) - of him (the hermit's son) who was speaking (of speaking, while speaking, of him who speaks)

• कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty, painfully, from trouble

• बाणाभिहतमर्मणः (bāṇābhihatamarmaṇaḥ) - (of the hermit's son) whose vital parts were struck by an arrow (whose vital parts were struck by an arrow)

• तस्य (tasya) - of the hermit's son (of him, his)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• आनम्यमानस्य (ānamyamānasya) - of him who was being bent down, of the bending one

• तम् (tam) - that arrow (that, him)

• बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

• अहम् (aham) - King Daśaratha (I)

• उद्धरम् (uddharam) - I pulled out, I extracted

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)

वदतः (vadataḥ) - of him (the hermit's son) who was speaking (of speaking, while speaking, of him who speaks)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, talking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root vad (to speak) + śatṛ suffix

Root: vad (class 1)

कृच्छ्रात् (kṛcchrāt) - with difficulty, painfully, from trouble

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficulty, trouble, pain, distress

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'with difficulty'.

बाणाभिहतमर्मणः (bāṇābhihatamarmaṇaḥ) - (of the hermit's son) whose vital parts were struck by an arrow (whose vital parts were struck by an arrow)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bāṇābhihatamarman

bāṇābhihatamarman - one whose vital parts are struck by an arrow

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bāṇa+abhihata+marman)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• abhihata – struck, hit, afflicted
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  abhi + han (to strike)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: han (class 2)
• marman – vital part, vulnerable spot
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies the implicit subject of 'vadataḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - of the hermit's son (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

आनम्यमानस्य (ānamyamānasya) - of him who was being bent down, of the bending one

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ānamyamāna

ānamyamāna - being bent down, being made to bow

Present Passive Participle (Ātmanepada)

ā + nam (to bend) + śānac suffix in passive voice

Prefix: ā

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tasya'.

तम् (tam) - that arrow (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'bāṇam'.

बाणम् (bāṇam) - arrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Object of 'uddharam'.

अहम् (aham) - King Daśaratha (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of 'uddharam'.

उद्धरम् (uddharam) - I pulled out, I extracted

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of uddhṛ

Imperfect tense, first person singular, active voice

ud + hṛ (to carry/take) in imperfect

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

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