वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-37

न द्विजातिरहं राजन्मा भूत्ते मनसो व्यथा ।
शूद्रायामस्मि वैश्येन जातो जनपदाधिप ॥३७॥

37. na dvijātirahaṃ rājanmā bhūtte manaso vyathā ,
śūdrāyāmasmi vaiśyena jāto janapadādhipa.

37. na dvijātiḥ aham rājan mā bhūt te manasaḥ vyathā
śūdrāyām asmi vaiśyena jātaḥ janapadādhipa

37. rājan na dvijātiḥ aham te manasaḥ vyathā mā
bhūt janapadādhipa asmi śūdrāyām vaiśyena jātaḥ

37. O King, I am not a twice-born (dvijāti). Do not let your mind (manas) be distressed. O ruler of the country, I was born to a Śūdra woman by a Vaiśya.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• द्विजातिः (dvijātiḥ) - a twice-born (dvijāti) (a twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a bird)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• भूत् (bhūt) - may it be, let it happen

• ते (te) - your (your, to you)

• मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind (manas) (of the mind, from the mind)

• व्यथा (vyathā) - distress, pain, anxiety

• शूद्रायाम् (śūdrāyām) - in a Śūdra woman, to a Śūdra woman

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• वैश्येन (vaiśyena) - by a Vaiśya (man)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

• जनपदाधिप (janapadādhipa) - O ruler of the country (O ruler of the country/people)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

द्विजातिः (dvijātiḥ) - a twice-born (dvijāti) (a twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a bird)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a bird, a tooth

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• jāti – birth, origin, class, species
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with the aorist (bhūt) to express prohibition.

भूत् (bhūt) - may it be, let it happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Third person singular aorist active voice of the root 'bhū', used in an injunctive/optative sense with 'mā'.

ते (te) - your (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

tvam - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form of the second person pronoun, functioning as genitive.

मनसः (manasaḥ) - of the mind (manas) (of the mind, from the mind)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Genitive singular of 'manas'.

व्यथा (vyathā) - distress, pain, anxiety

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyathā

vyathā - distress, pain, anxiety, fear, suffering

Root: vyath (class 1)

शूद्रायाम् (śūdrāyām) - in a Śūdra woman, to a Śūdra woman

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śūdrā

śūdrā - a Śūdra woman, a woman of the fourth varṇa

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: First person singular present active voice of the root 'as'.

वैश्येन (vaiśyena) - by a Vaiśya (man)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a Vaiśya (member of the third varṇa), merchant, agriculturist

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, occurred, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'jan' (to be born) with the suffix '-ta'.

Root: jan (class 4)

जनपदाधिप (janapadādhipa) - O ruler of the country (O ruler of the country/people)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janapadādhipa

janapadādhipa - ruler of the country, lord of the people

Compound type : tatpurusha (janapada+adhipa)

• janapada – country, district, community
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

Previous Verse Next Verse