वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-27

तं देशमहमागम्य दीनसत्त्वः सुदुर्मनाः ।
अपश्यमिषुणा तीरे सरय्वास्तापसं हतम् ॥२७॥

27. taṃ deśamahamāgamya dīnasattvaḥ sudurmanāḥ ,
apaśyamiṣuṇā tīre sarayvāstāpasaṃ hatam.

27. tam deśam aham āgamya dīna-sattvaḥ su-durmanāḥ
apaśyam iṣuṇā tīre sarayvāḥ tāpasam hatam

27. aham dīna-sattvaḥ su-durmanāḥ tam deśam āgamya
iṣuṇā sarayvāḥ tīre hatam tāpasam apaśyam

27. Having reached that spot, I, with a sorrowful spirit and a very dejected mind, saw the ascetic lying dead, killed by an arrow, on the bank of the Sarayū river.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that

• देशम् (deśam) - place, spot, region

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having come, having approached

• दीन-सत्त्वः (dīna-sattvaḥ) - of dejected spirit, with a sorrowful nature

• सु-दुर्मनाः (su-durmanāḥ) - very dejected, with a very bad mind/mood

• अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

• इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - by an arrow

• तीरे (tīre) - on the bank, on the shore

• सरय्वाः (sarayvāḥ) - of the Sarayū (river)

• तापसम् (tāpasam) - ascetic, hermit

• हतम् (hatam) - killed, struck down

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

देशम् (deśam) - place, spot, region

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

आगम्य (āgamya) - having come, having approached

(indeclinable)

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive form

दीन-सत्त्वः (dīna-sattvaḥ) - of dejected spirit, with a sorrowful nature

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīnasattva

dīnasattva - one whose spirit is dejected

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīna+sattva)

• dīna – dejected, sad, sorrowful, wretched
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dai (to be weary, to fade)
  Root: dai (class 1)
• sattva – being, essence, spirit, nature
  noun (neuter)

सु-दुर्मनाः (su-durmanāḥ) - very dejected, with a very bad mind/mood

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurmanas

sudurmanas - very distressed in mind, very dejected

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+durmanas)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• durmanas – ill-minded, dejected, sad
  adjective (masculine)

अपश्यम् (apaśyam) - I saw

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - by an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

तीरे (tīre) - on the bank, on the shore

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - bank, shore, edge

सरय्वाः (sarayvāḥ) - of the Sarayū (river)

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of sarayū

sarayū - Name of a river

तापसम् (tāpasam) - ascetic, hermit

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit, one who performs tapas (austerities)

हतम् (hatam) - killed, struck down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

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