वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-20

ऋषेर्हि न्यस्त दण्डस्य वने वन्येन जीवतः ।
कथं नु शस्त्रेण वधो मद्विधस्य विधीयते ॥२०॥

20. ṛṣerhi nyasta daṇḍasya vane vanyena jīvataḥ ,
kathaṃ nu śastreṇa vadho madvidhasya vidhīyate.

20. ṛṣeḥ hi nyastadaṇḍasya vane vanyena jīvataḥ
katham nu śastreṇa vadhaḥ madvidhasya vidhīyate

20. hi vane vanyena jīvataḥ nyastadaṇḍasya ṛṣeḥ
madvidhasya śastreṇa vadhaḥ katham nu vidhīyate

20. Indeed, how can the killing of someone like me, a sage who has renounced violence (nyasta daṇḍa) and lives in the forest on forest produce, be perpetrated by a weapon?

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage, from the sage

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• न्यस्तदण्डस्य (nyastadaṇḍasya) - of one who has laid down his staff (renounced violence)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• वन्येन (vanyena) - by means of forest produce, with forest things

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - living, of one living

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• नु (nu) - then, now, indeed

• शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - by a weapon

• वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing, slaying, death

• मद्विधस्य (madvidhasya) - of one like me

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is perpetrated, is done, is ordained, occurs

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषेः (ṛṣeḥ) - of the sage, from the sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, ascetic

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

न्यस्तदण्डस्य (nyastadaṇḍasya) - of one who has laid down his staff (renounced violence)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nyastadaṇḍa

nyastadaṇḍa - one who has laid down his stick/staff (symbolizing renunciation of violence/punishment)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyasta+daṇḍa)

• nyasta – laid down, placed, given up
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root as with prefix ni
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)
• daṇḍa – staff, stick, punishment, authority
  noun (masculine)

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

वन्येन (vanyena) - by means of forest produce, with forest things

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vanya

vanya - wild, forest produce, belonging to the forest

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - living, of one living

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

Root: jīv (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - then, now, indeed

(indeclinable)

शस्त्रेण (śastreṇa) - by a weapon

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, instrument, sword

वधः (vadhaḥ) - killing, slaying, death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, murder

Root: han

मद्विधस्य (madvidhasya) - of one like me

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - like me, such as I am

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vidha)

• mad – I, me (form of asmad in compounds)
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, type, manner
  noun (masculine)

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is perpetrated, is done, is ordained, occurs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Previous Verse Next Verse