वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-36

विशल्यं कुरु मां राजन्मर्म मे निशितः शरः ।
रुणद्धि मृदु सोत्सेधं तीरमम्बुरयो यथा ॥३६॥

36. viśalyaṃ kuru māṃ rājanmarma me niśitaḥ śaraḥ ,
ruṇaddhi mṛdu sotsedhaṃ tīramamburayo yathā.

36. viśalyam kuru mām rājan marma me niśitaḥ śaraḥ
ruṇaddhi mṛdu sa utsedham tīram ambu rayaḥ yathā

36. rājan mām viśalyam kuru me niśitaḥ śaraḥ marma ruṇaddhi
ambu rayaḥ yathā mṛdu sa utsedham tīram (ruṇaddhi)

36. O King, free me from this arrow; a sharp arrow is in my vital spot (marma). It obstructs (my vital functions), just as a powerful water current erodes a soft, elevated bank.

Words meanings summery:

• विशल्यम् (viśalyam) - free from an arrow/thorn, disarmed

• कुरु (kuru) - make, do, perform

• माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• मर्म (marma) - vital spot, vulnerable point

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• निशितः (niśitaḥ) - sharp, whetted, keen

• शरः (śaraḥ) - arrow, reed

• रुणद्धि (ruṇaddhi) - obstructs, blocks, checks, stops

• मृदु (mṛdu) - soft, tender, gentle

• स (sa) - with, together with

• उत्सेधम् (utsedham) - uplift, elevation, mound, bank

• तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore, edge

• अम्बु (ambu) - water

• रयः (rayaḥ) - current, stream, flow

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

Words meanings and morphology

विशल्यम् (viśalyam) - free from an arrow/thorn, disarmed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of viśalya

viśalya - free from a dart/arrow/thorn, having no dart/thorn

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+śalya)

• vi – without, separation, negation
  indeclinable
• śalya – dart, arrow-head, thorn, foreign body
  noun (neuter)

कुरु (kuru) - make, do, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, Imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Second person singular imperative active voice of the root 'kṛ'.

माम् (mām) - me (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of mad

mad - I (first person pronoun)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

मर्म (marma) - vital spot, vulnerable point

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of marman

marman - vital spot, vulnerable point, secret, joint

Note: Can also be accusative, but nominative seems to fit the context better as the subject of an implied 'is'.

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I (first person pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form of the first person pronoun, functioning as genitive.

निशितः (niśitaḥ) - sharp, whetted, keen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen, prepared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'śā' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

शरः (śaraḥ) - arrow, reed

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ (class 9)

रुणद्धि (ruṇaddhi) - obstructs, blocks, checks, stops

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Present (laṭ) of rudh

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Third person singular present active voice of the root 'rudh'.

मृदु (mṛdu) - soft, tender, gentle

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛdu

mṛdu - soft, tender, gentle, weak, mild

Note: Accusative singular neuter, modifying 'tīram'.

स (sa) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Part of the compound 'sautsedham'.

उत्सेधम् (utsedham) - uplift, elevation, mound, bank

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of utsedha

utsedha - uplift, elevation, mound, swelling, bank

Prefix: ut

Root: sidh (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound 'sautsedham', which modifies 'tīram'. The full compound 'sautsedha' means 'having an elevation'.

तीरम् (tīram) - bank, shore, edge

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tīra

tīra - bank, shore, edge, brim

अम्बु (ambu) - water

(noun)

neuter of ambu

ambu - water

Note: First part of the compound 'amburayaḥ'.

रयः (rayaḥ) - current, stream, flow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raya

raya - current, stream, flow, speed, impulse

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Second part of the compound 'amburayaḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, as

(indeclinable)

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