वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-5

गुरु लाघवमर्थानामारम्भे कर्मणां फलम् ।
दोषं वा यो न जानाति स बाल इति होच्यते ॥५॥

5. guru lāghavamarthānāmārambhe karmaṇāṃ phalam ,
doṣaṃ vā yo na jānāti sa bāla iti hocyate.

5. guru lāghavam arthānām ārambhe karmaṇām phalam
| doṣam vā yaḥ na jānāti saḥ bālaḥ iti ha ucyate

5. yaḥ arthānām guru lāghavam,
karmaṇām ārambhe phalam vā doṣam na jānāti,
saḥ bālaḥ iti ha ucyate.

5. He who does not comprehend the gravity or insignificance of situations, the outcome (phalam) of actions at their commencement, or their potential flaws (doṣa), is indeed called a child.

Words meanings summery:

• गुरु (guru) - gravity, importance (heavy, weighty, important, revered)

• लाघवम् (lāghavam) - lightness, insignificance, agility

• अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of situations or matters (of matters, of objects, of purposes, of consequences)

• आरम्भे (ārambhe) - at the beginning, at the commencement

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

• दोषम् (doṣam) - fault, defect, harm

• वा (vā) - or

• यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

• न (na) - not

• जानाति (jānāti) - knows, understands

• सः (saḥ) - he

• बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, an ignorant person

• इति (iti) - introducing a quotation or reported speech (thus, so, in this way)

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

Words meanings and morphology

गुरु (guru) - gravity, importance (heavy, weighty, important, revered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guru

guru - heavy, weighty, important, venerable, teacher

लाघवम् (lāghavam) - lightness, insignificance, agility

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lāghava

lāghava - lightness, agility, quickness, insignificance, triviality

अर्थानाम् (arthānām) - of situations or matters (of matters, of objects, of purposes, of consequences)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, thing, wealth, consequence

आरम्भे (ārambhe) - at the beginning, at the commencement

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ārambha

ārambha - beginning, commencement, enterprise, undertaking

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of actions, of deeds

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karma

karma - action, deed, work, consequence, fate (karma)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, outcome, reward, consequence (phalam)

दोषम् (doṣam) - fault, defect, harm

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, blame, harm (doṣa)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, he who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

जानाति (jānāti) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, an ignorant person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, ignorant person

इति (iti) - introducing a quotation or reported speech (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

passive voice

Derived from the root √vac (to speak), used in passive voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

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