वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-57, verse-19

प्रविविक्तां नदीं रात्राव् उदाहारो ऽहमागतः ।
इषुणाभिहतः केन कस्य वा किं कृतं मया ॥१९॥

19. praviviktāṃ nadīṃ rātrāv udāhāro'hamāgataḥ ,
iṣuṇābhihataḥ kena kasya vā kiṃ kṛtaṃ mayā.

19. praviviktām nadīm rātrau udāhāraḥ aham āgataḥ
iṣuṇā abhihataḥ kena kasya vā kim kṛtam mayā

19. aham rātrau praviviktām nadīm udāhāraḥ āgataḥ
kena iṣuṇā abhihataḥ mayā vā kasya kim kṛtam

19. I had come at night to a secluded river for water. By what arrow have I been struck? What wrong have I done, or to whom?

Words meanings summery:

• प्रविविक्ताम् (praviviktām) - secluded, isolated, private

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

• उदाहारः (udāhāraḥ) - one who has come for water, water-carrier

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived

• इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - by an arrow

• अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck, hit

• केन (kena) - by what, by whom

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

• वा (vā) - or

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

प्रविविक्ताम् (praviviktām) - secluded, isolated, private

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pravivikta

pravivikta - secluded, isolated, pure

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: vic

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

उदाहारः (udāhāraḥ) - one who has come for water, water-carrier

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udāhāra

udāhāra - fetching water, one who fetches water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (udaka+āhāra)

• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – bringing, collecting, food
  noun (masculine)
  From root hṛ with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

इषुणा (iṣuṇā) - by an arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of iṣu

iṣu - arrow

अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck, hit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, wounded, smitten

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

केन (kena) - by what, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Root: kṛ (class 8)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

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