वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-48, verse-12

न्यवेदयत चात्मानं तस्मै लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः ।
पुत्रौ दशरथस्यावां भगवन् रामलक्ष्मणौ ॥१२॥

12. nyavedayata cātmānaṃ tasmai lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ ,
putrau daśarathasyāvāṃ bhagavan rāmalakṣmaṇau.

12. ni avedayat ca ātmānam tasmai lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ
putrau daśarathasya āvām bhagavan rāmalakṣmaṇau

12. lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ ca ātmānam tasmai ni avedayat
bhagavan āvām daśarathasya putrau rāmalakṣmaṇau

12. And Rama, the elder brother of Lakshmana, introduced himself to him, saying, "O venerable one, we are Rama and Lakshmana, the two sons of Dasharatha."

Words meanings summery:

• नि (ni) - down, into, in

• अवेदयत् (avedayat) - introduced himself (he presented, he announced, he made known)

• च (ca) - and

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (self, oneself)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to the sage (to him, for him)

• लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः (lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ) - Rama (elder brother of Lakshmana)

• पुत्रौ (putrau) - two sons

• दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Dasharatha

• आवाम् (āvām) - Rama and Lakshmana (we two)

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - addressed to the sage (O venerable one, O blessed one)

• रामलक्ष्मणौ (rāmalakṣmaṇau) - Rama and Lakshmana

Words meanings and morphology

नि (ni) - down, into, in

(indeclinable)

prefix

Note: Prefix to `avedayat`.

अवेदयत् (avedayat) - introduced himself (he presented, he announced, he made known)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vedaya

causative of root `vid`

root `vid` (2nd class, to know) in causative form (vedaya), 3rd person singular imperfect.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject is `lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (self, oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `avedayat`.

तस्मै (tasmai) - to the sage (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the sage mentioned in the previous verse.

लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः (lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ) - Rama (elder brother of Lakshmana)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇapūrvaja

lakṣmaṇapūrvaja - elder brother of Lakshmana

Compound type : tatpurusha (lakṣmaṇa+pūrvaja)

• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pūrvaja – elder, born before
  adjective
  Prefix: purva
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb `avedayat`.

पुत्रौ (putrau) - two sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of putra

putra - son

Note: Refers to Rama and Lakshmana.

दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Dasharatha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Dasharatha (proper name)

Note: Possessive, indicating father of `putrau`.

आवाम् (āvām) - Rama and Lakshmana (we two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

first person pronoun.

Note: Subject of the implied verb "are".

भगवन् (bhagavan) - addressed to the sage (O venerable one, O blessed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - illustrious, divine, venerable, blessed

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to the sage.

रामलक्ष्मणौ (rāmalakṣmaṇau) - Rama and Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rāmalakṣmaṇa

rāmalakṣmaṇa - Rama and Lakshmana

dvandva compound

Compound type : itaretara dvandva (rāma+lakṣmaṇa)

• rāma – Rama (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• lakṣmaṇa – Lakshmana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to `āvām`.