वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-47, verse-9

इदं व्यसनमालोक्य राज्ञश्च मतिविभ्रमम् ।
काम एवार्धधर्माभ्यां गरीयानिति मे मतिः ॥९॥

9. idaṃ vyasanamālokya rājñaśca mativibhramam ,
kāma evārdhadharmābhyāṃ garīyāniti me matiḥ.

9. idam vyasanam ālokya rājñaḥ ca mativibhramam
kāmaḥ eva artha-dharmābhyām garīyān iti me matiḥ

9. idam vyasanam ca rājñaḥ mativibhramam ālokya,
artha-dharmābhyām kāmaḥ eva garīyān iti me matiḥ

9. Witnessing this calamity and the king's (rājan) delusion, it is my conviction (mati) that desire (kāma) alone is weightier than both material prosperity (artha) and intrinsic nature (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this (calamity) (this, this one)

• व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity (of Rama's exile) (misfortune, calamity, distress, vice)

• आलोक्य (ālokya) - having witnessed, having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Daśaratha) (of the king, from the king)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• मतिविभ्रमम् (mativibhramam) - delusion, error of judgment (of the king) (delusion of mind, error of judgment, mental confusion)

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (for Kaikeyī) (desire, love, sensual pleasure, wish)

• एव (eva) - alone (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• अर्थ-धर्माभ्याम् (artha-dharmābhyām) - than material prosperity (artha) and intrinsic nature (dharma) (than material prosperity and intrinsic nature)

• गरीयान् (garīyān) - weightier, more important (greater, heavier, more important, more venerable)

• इति (iti) - thus, that (marking the reported thought) (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

• मे (me) - my (to me, for me, my)

• मतिः (matiḥ) - conviction, opinion (mind, intellect, thought, opinion, conviction)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this (calamity) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular nominative/accusative

Note: Refers to the misfortune happening.

व्यसनम् (vyasanam) - misfortune, calamity (of Rama's exile) (misfortune, calamity, distress, vice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - misfortune, calamity, distress, vice, addiction, adversity

From vi-as (to throw away, fall into)

Prefix: vi

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of "ālokya".

आलोक्य (ālokya) - having witnessed, having observed (having seen, having observed, having looked at)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root lok (to see) with prefix ā. Lyap suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Relates to the subject "me" (my) implying "by me".

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Daśaratha) (of the king, from the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign (rājan)

N-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to King Daśaratha.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

मतिविभ्रमम् (mativibhramam) - delusion, error of judgment (of the king) (delusion of mind, error of judgment, mental confusion)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mativibhrama

mativibhrama - delusion of mind, mental confusion, error of judgment

Tatpuruṣa compound: mati (mind, thought) + vibhrama (confusion, error).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mati+vibhrama)

• mati – mind, intellect, thought, opinion
  noun (feminine)
  From root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)
• vibhrama – confusion, error, delusion, bewilderment
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-bhram (to wander, go astray)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Object of "ālokya".

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (for Kaikeyī) (desire, love, sensual pleasure, wish)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure (kāma)

From root kam (to desire)

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

एव (eva) - alone (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

अर्थ-धर्माभ्याम् (artha-dharmābhyām) - than material prosperity (artha) and intrinsic nature (dharma) (than material prosperity and intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, dual of artha-dharma

artha-dharma - material prosperity (artha) and intrinsic nature (dharma), wealth and righteousness

Dvandva compound of artha and dharma.

Compound type : dvandva (artha+dharma)

• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, material prosperity (artha)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: arth (class 1)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)

Note: Used with a comparative adjective.

गरीयान् (garīyān) - weightier, more important (greater, heavier, more important, more venerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garīyas

garīyas - heavier, weightier, greater, more important, more venerable (comparative of guru)

Comparative

Formed from 'guru' (heavy, important) with '-īyas' suffix.

इति (iti) - thus, that (marking the reported thought) (thus, so, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle

मे (me) - my (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Enclitic form of first person pronoun, genitive/dative singular.

Note: Possessive, "my opinion".

मतिः (matiḥ) - conviction, opinion (mind, intellect, thought, opinion, conviction)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, thought, opinion, conviction, purpose (mati)

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for "me".