वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-47, verse-2

अद्येयं प्रथमा रात्रिर्याता जनपदाद्बहिः ।
या सुमन्त्रेण रहिता तां नोत्कण्ठितुमर्हसि ॥२॥

2. adyeyaṃ prathamā rātriryātā janapadādbahiḥ ,
yā sumantreṇa rahitā tāṃ notkaṇṭhitumarhasi.

2. adya iyam prathamā rātriḥ yātā janapadāt bahiḥ
yā sumantreṇa rahitā tām na utkaṇṭhitum arhasi

2. adya iyam prathamā rātriḥ janapadāt bahiḥ yātā,
yā sumantreṇa rahitā (āsīt).
tām (rātrim prati) na utkaṇṭhitum arhasi.

2. This is the first night that has passed outside our homeland, a night that was without Sumantra. You ought not to feel anxious about it.

Words meanings summery:

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• इयम् (iyam) - this (night) (this, she)

• प्रथमा (prathamā) - first

• रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - the night of their first exile (night)

• याता (yātā) - gone, passed

• जनपदात् (janapadāt) - from their homeland (Ayodhya) (from the inhabited country/kingdom)

• बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally

• या (yā) - which (night) (which, who (feminine singular))

• सुमन्त्रेण (sumantreṇa) - by Sumantra

• रहिता (rahitā) - deprived of, without

• ताम् (tām) - that (night / situation) (that (feminine singular accusative))

• न (na) - not, no

• उत्कण्ठितुम् (utkaṇṭhitum) - to feel regret or longing (for the past, or for this night itself) (to long for, to regret, to be anxious)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

Words meanings and morphology

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

इयम् (iyam) - this (night) (this, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with 'rātriḥ'.

प्रथमा (prathamā) - first

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost

Note: Agrees with 'rātriḥ'.

रात्रिः (rātriḥ) - the night of their first exile (night)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Subject of 'yātā'.

याता (yātā) - gone, passed

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, passed, departed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yā' (to go) with suffix '-ta'

Root: yā (class 2)

जनपदात् (janapadāt) - from their homeland (Ayodhya) (from the inhabited country/kingdom)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of janapada

janapada - inhabited country, populated land, kingdom, district

Note: Indicates separation from.

बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside, externally

(indeclinable)

या (yā) - which (night) (which, who (feminine singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

सुमन्त्रेण (sumantreṇa) - by Sumantra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (name of King Dasharatha's minister and charioteer)

Note: Agent in a passive construction or instrumental for 'without'.

रहिता (rahitā) - deprived of, without

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rahita

rahita - left, abandoned, devoid of, without

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'rah' (to abandon) with suffix '-ita'

Root: rah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yā' (referring to 'rātriḥ').

ताम् (tām) - that (night / situation) (that (feminine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of the infinitive 'utkaṇṭhitum'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

उत्कण्ठितुम् (utkaṇṭhitum) - to feel regret or longing (for the past, or for this night itself) (to long for, to regret, to be anxious)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of root 'kaṇṭh' (to groan) with prefix 'ut'

Prefix: ut

Root: kaṇṭh (class 10)

Note: Infinitive of purpose or object.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Present Active

2nd person singular Present Active of root 'arh'

Root: arh (class 1)